Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of metals and metalloids in atmospheric PM2.5 in a suburb of Shanghai City

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To understand the pollution characteristics,sources and health effects of 10 elements in fine particulate matter（PM_2.5） in a suburb of Shanghai City. Methods The concentration data of 10 elements in PM_2.5 in a suburb of Shanghai City from 2017 to 2021 were collected. The enrichment factor method and principal component analysis was used to evaluate the pollution degree and source of the elements. According to China's WS/T 666-2019 "Technical Specification for Health Risk Assessment of Air Pollution Population",its harm to population health was analyzed. Results From 2017 to 2021,the annual average mass concentration of PM_2.5 in a suburb of Shanghai City did not exceed the secondary standard limit value in the GB 3095-2012 "Ambient Air Quality Standard ". The mass concentrations of metals and metalloid elements in PM_2.5 were in the order of aluminum > manganese > lead > nickel > chromium > arsenic > selenium > antimony > cadmium > thallium. Except for Cr,Ni and Tl,the enrichment factor values of all metals were >10. The non-carcinogenic risk of each metal exposed through the respiratory pathway was <1. Among the five carcinogenic elements,the in vivo carcinogenic risks of Pb,Cd and Ni entering different populations through the respiratory route were <10^-6,and the carcinogenic risks of Cr and As were between 10^-6 and 10^-4. Conclusion The seasonal characteristics of heavy metal pollution in atmospheric PM_2.5 in this area are obvious,which is higher in winter and lower in summer. The metal and metalloid pollution in PM_2.5 is mainly affected by human activities. The metal and metalloid elements in PM_2.5 mainly come from industrial,coal（oil）,traffic and natural. The carcinogenic risk of Cr and As to the population deserves further attention.

Key words: Fine particulate matter, Metal and metalloid, Pollution characteristics, Health risk assessment

CLC Number:

R122.2

ZHANG Jingwei, LEI Xiaoyi, XU Mingjia, LI Wei, XU Yandan. Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of metals and metalloids in atmospheric PM_2.5in a suburb of Shanghai City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(20): 2822-2827.

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Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of metals and metalloids in atmospheric PM_2.5in a suburb of Shanghai City

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