Abstract:

Objective To systematically evaluate the prevalence of adolescent scoliosis in China，explore its potential risk factors，so as to provide evidence-based support for early screening，prevention，and intervention. Methods The important databases such as CNKI，Wanfang，VIP，CBM，Embase，PubMed，and WOS were searched，and retrieval time was from February 2015 to February 2025. The adolescents aged 10-20 years old who met the inclusion criteria were selected as the research subjects，and the selected studies included cohort studies，case-control studies，and cross-sectional studies. RevMan 5.3 software was used for data analysis in this study，and the prevalence of adolescent scoliosis was summarized to explore the related influencing factors. To ensure the quality of the research，the Newcastle-Ottawa scale（NOS） was used for evaluation. Results The prevalence of adolescent scoliosis was 3.7%. Among the factors related to adolescent scoliosis，genetic history（OR=1.688，95%CI：1.382-2.075），female（OR=1.488， 95%CI：1.263-1.766），thinness（OR=1.331，95%CI：1.083-1.648），abnormal activity posture（OR=1.489，95%CI：1.272-1.758），electronic game addiction（OR=1.633，95%CI：1.332-2.003） and prolonged sitting posture of learning（OR=1.266，95%CI：1.172-1.379） all increased the risk of adolescent scoliosis，while overweight or obesity（OR=0.538，95%CI：0.437-0.663） and appropriate exercise（OR= 0.562，95%CI：0.468-0.684） reduced the risk of adolescent scoliosis. Conclusions The prevalence of adolescent scoliosis in China is at a relatively high level，with genetic history and electronic game addiction being the most significant risk factors，which is influenced by multiple factors together. Society should pay more attention to the spinal health of adolescents，carry out early screening for high-risk adolescents，and implement prevention through exercise intervention，behavior correction，and balanced diet.

Key words: Adolescent, Scoliosis, Risk factors, Meta-analysis