OCCUPATION AND HEALTH ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 1660-1663.

• Treatise—Environment and Health • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Analysis on characteristics of water-soluble anions and cations in atmospheric PM2.5 in Xingtai City from 2020 to 2024

FAN Mengchao, SHANG Lei, WANG Huoqing, LYU Junqing, QI Yidong, QI Zhicai   

  1. Xingtai Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Municipal Health Supervision Bureau)XingtaiHebei 054000, China
  • Received:2025-03-29 Revised:2025-08-17 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-18

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the concentration characteristics of fine particulate matter(PM2.5) and water-soluble anions and cations in Xingtai City,provide data support for the prevention and control of PM2.5 pollution in Xingtai City and the joint prevention and control of air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Methods From January 2020 to December 2024,PM2.5 samples were collected monthly at two monitoring sites in Xingtai City. The mass concentrations of NO3-,SO42-,NH4+,Cl-,and F- were measured using ion chromatography. The sulfate nitrate ammonium(SNA) was calculated,and the data were analyzed. Results From 2020 to 2024,PM2.5 mass concentrations in Xingtai City showed a declining trend.The median(M) concentrations of water-soluble anions and cationsranked as follows:NO3->SO42->NH4+>Cl->F-. There were statistically significant difference in mass concentrations of PM2.5 and water-soluble anions and cations among different years and seasons(H=57.388,257.567,60.040,79.503,60.706,37.726,8.647,all P<0.01). The seasonal variations in PM2.5 peaked in winter,with SNA(NO3-,SO42-,NH4+) and Cl-exhibiting consistent seasonal trend with PM2.5. The NO3-/SO42- ratio was 1.24 in Xingtai City from 2020 to 2024,and the mean sulfur oxidation ratio(SOR) and nitrogen oxidation ratio(NOR) were significantly higher than 0.1. The differences in SOR and NOR were statistically significant among four seasons(H=14.274,9.928,both P<0.05). Conclusions The prevention and control effect of air pollution is significant in Xingtai City from 2020 to 2024,but the situation remains severe,particularly severe winter pollution. The main sources of pollution include secondary aerosols,mobile emissions,and stationary sources. The management of industrial coal combustion and fuel-powered vehicles is critical for further air quality management.

Key words: Atmosphere, Fine particulate matter, Water-soluble ions, Sulfate nitrate ammonium, Pollution characteristics, Xingtai

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