Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between fatigue and sleep quality in long-distance sailors,as well as the mediating effect of anxiety symptoms and stress perception between fatigue and sleep. Method In September 2023,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 025 sailors who had completed their long-distance voyage using the self rating anxiety scale,Pittsburgh sleep quality index,stress perception scale,and multidimensional fatigue scale,and the results were analyzed. Results The sleep quality score of long-distance sailors was 4.00（2.00,6.00）points,anxiety score was 40.00（33.75,43.75）points,stress perception score was 23.00（16.00,28.00）points,and the multidimensional fatigue comprehensive scale score was 38.00（28.00,51.00）points.The differences in sleep quality scores among seafarers of different ages,educational levels,alcohol consumption,and annual family income were statistically significant（all P<0.01）.The correlation analysis results showed that anxiety symptoms,stress,fatigue,and sleep quality were positively correlated with each other（r=0.430-0.678,all P<0.01）.The mediation effect analysis showed that the total effect of fatigue on sleep quality was 0.104,with a direct effect of 0.066,accounting for 62.74% of the total effect.Anxiety symptoms and stress both had mediation effects between fatigue and sleep quality,with effect values of 0.018 and 0.016,respectively,accounting for 16.76% and 15.60% of the total effect. Anxiety symptoms and stress had a chain mediated effect between fatigue and sleep quality,with an effect value of 0.006,accounting for 15.23% of the total effect value. Conclusion Fatigue can affect the sleep quality of long-distance sailor,and indirectly affect sleep quality through a chain mediated effect of anxiety symptoms and stress.

Key words: Anxiety, Fatigue, Sleep quality, Stress perception, Mediating effect