Abstract: Objective To explore the mediating effect of resilience on nurses' problem solving ability and social support，provide evidence for improving nurses' problem-solving ability. Methods From September to December 2021，the general information questionnaire，the Chinese version of the social problem-solving inventory revised（C-SPSI-R），the 10-item Connor-Davidson resilience scale（CD-RISC 10），the social support rating scale（SSRS） were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 397 nurses from grade-A tertiary hospitals in Shanghai obtained by the convenience sampling method. Results The score of nurses' problem solving ability[M（P₂₅，P₇₅）] was 82.00（76.00，90.00）points，the score of social support was （40.15±8.32）points，and the score of resilience[M（P₂₅，P₇₅）] was 25.00（20.00，30.00）points. The problem solving ability was positively correlated with social support and resilience（r=0.596， 0.333，both P<0.01），and the resilience was positively correlated with social support（r=0.356，P<0.01）. The social support of nurses had a positive prediction effect on problem solving ability（the direct effect was 0.190），and resilience had a partial mediating effect between social support and problem solving ability，and the mediating effect accounted for 58.8% of the total effect. Conclusion Nurses' social support and resilience have positive predictive effects on problem solving ability，so the nursing managers，nursing educators should start with the perspective of the social support and resilience to improve the problem solving ability of nurses.

Key words: Nurse, Problem solving ability, Resilience, Social support, Mediating effect