Abstract: Objective To explore the mediating effect of psychologicalresilience on the relationship between empathy fatigue and humanistic care ability of nurses in oncology department. Methods From December 2021 to January 2022,the convenience sampling method was used to select nurses in the oncology department of 20 tertiary hospitals in Anhui Province as the research objects. They were investigated by the general information questionnaire,empathy fatigue self-assessment scale,humanistic care ability scale,and psychological resilience scale. Results A total of 572 nurses were investigated,and the scores of nurses' humanistic care ability,empathy fatigue and psychological resilience were （196.33±21.11）,（84.05±14.65） and （70.28±16.47）points,respectively. The results of path analysis showed that empathy fatigueand psychological resilienceof nurses in the oncology department could directly and positively predict humanistic care ability（r=0.278,0.239,both P<0.01）. The empathy fatigue indirectly and positively predicted humanistic caring ability by using psychological resilience as a mediating variable（r=0.108,P<0.01）. Conclusion The hospitals and nursing managers should take a variety of intervention measures to enhance the psychological resilience of oncology nurses and reduce their empathy fatigue,so as to improve the humanistic care ability of oncology nurses.

Key words: Psychological resilience, Empathy fatigue, Humanistic care, Nurse