Abstract: Objective To understand the status quo of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in central Jiangsu Province,analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating targeted prevention and control measures. Methods From October to December 2020,a total of 4 026 students from 13 schools in one urban area and one suburban county in the central region of Jiangsu Province were selected by stratified random cluster sampling method. The online questionnaire survey and physical measurement were conducted,and the data were analyzed. Results The detection rate of overweight in children and adolescents in central Jiangsu Province was 19.92%,the detection rate of overweight in boys（23.06%） was higher than that in girls（16.63%）,and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=26.036,P<0.05）. The detection rate of obesity was 21.56%,the detection rate of obesity in boys（26.02%） was higher than that in girls（16.89%）,and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=49.609,P<0.05）. There was statistically significant difference in overweight and obesity detection rates in different grades（χ²_overweight=13.175,χ²_obesity=73.347,both P<0.05）. The detection rate of overweight in residential students was higher than that in non-residential students,while the detection rate of obesity was lower than that in non-residential students,and the differences were statistically significant（χ²_overweight=4.237,χ²_obesity=27.694,both P<0.05）. The detection rates of overweight and obesity in students who did not eat sweets were higher than those who ate sweets,and the differences were statistically significant（χ²_overweight=8.277,χ²_obesity=11.087,both P<0.05）. The detection rate of obesity in students who did not eat fresh fruits was higher than that in students who ate fresh vegetables and fruits,and the differences were statistically significant（χ²_obesity=18.802,P<0.05）. The detection rate of obesity in students who did moderate or high intensity exercise was higher than that in students who did not exercise,and the differences were statistically significant（χ²_obesity=7.353,P<0.05）. The detection rate of obesity was higher among those who attend physical education classes than those who do not attend physical education classes（χ²_obesity=5.731,P<0.05）. The factors affecting overweight were school period and gender,and the factors affecting obesity were school period,gender and diet（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The status of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in central Jiangsu Province,where urbanization process is fast,is serious,which should be paid more attention to,especially in boys of low grade,the influencing factors are mainly school period,gender and diet,and effective and targeted intervention measures are urgently needed.

Key words: Children and adolescents, Overweight, Obesity, Influencing factors