Correlation analysis of early adversity and self-esteem on adolescent depression and anxiety

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the correlation between early adversity and self-esteem on depression and anxiety in adolescents， so as to provide basis for improving the psychological status of adolescents. Methods From March to April 2023，a questionnaire survey was conducted among students from 3 middle schools in Xi'an by cluster sampling. The questionnaire included self-designed general condition questionnaire，childhood injury questionnaire，child health questionnaire-9，extensive anxiety screening scale-7 and Robert self-esteem scale. The scores of each scale were compared，and the correlation between the above indicators and depression and anxiety was analyzed. Results The total depression score of the survey subjects was （4.88±4.71）points，and the score of anxiety was （3.42±4.06）points. The depression score of male and female subjects was （4.19±4.34） and （5.61±4.97）points，respectively，and the anxiety score was （2.99±3.79） and （3.88±4.29）points，respectively. The early adversity was positively correlated with depression（β=0.207，95%CI：0.179-0.237，P<0.05） and anxiety（β=0.157，95%CI：0.131-0.182，P<0.05）. Self-esteem was negatively correlated with depression（β=-0.478， 95%CI：-0.532--0.423，P<0.05） and anxiety（β=-0.354，95%CI：-0.404--0.306，P<0.05）. Conclusion Early adversity is the risk factor for depression and anxiety in adolescents. Meanwhile，self-esteem is the protective factor of depression and anxiety，and the impact on girls is more obvious. It is recommended to take relevant measures to improve the mental health level of adolescents.

Key words: Adolescent, Early adversity, Anxiety, Depression, Psychological trauma, Influencing factors

CLC Number:

R395.6

ZHAO Yan, XIN Bao, MA Lu, LAN Jiao, SONG Qinze, ZHAO Shaoxiong. Correlation analysis of early adversity and self-esteem on adolescent depression and anxiety. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(21): 2963-2967.

Figures/Tables 7

References 21

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项目	男生	女生	合计
学校
一校	154（30.60）	158（33.30）	312（31.90）
二校	183（36.40）	171（36.00）	354（36.20）
三校	166（33.00）	146（30.70）	312（31.90）
年级
七年级	297（59.00）	290（61.10）	587（60.00）
八年级	206（41.00）	185（38.90）	391（40.00）
年龄[（$\bar{x}±s$）岁]	14.16±0.77	14.10±0.78	14.13±0.77

项目	男生	女生	合计
学校
一校	154（30.60）	158（33.30）	312（31.90）
二校	183（36.40）	171（36.00）	354（36.20）
三校	166（33.00）	146（30.70）	312（31.90）
年级
七年级	297（59.00）	290（61.10）	587（60.00）
八年级	206（41.00）	185（38.90）	391（40.00）
年龄[（$\bar{x}±s$）岁]	14.16±0.77	14.10±0.78	14.13±0.77

项目	人数	早期逆境	抑郁	焦虑	自尊
男生	503	39.26±9.22	4.19±4.34	2.99±3.79	29.53±4.38
女生	475	38.05±9.13	5.61±4.97	3.88±4.29	28.40±4.92
合计	978	38.68±9.19	4.88±4.71	3.42±4.06	28.98±4.68

项目	人数	早期逆境	抑郁	焦虑	自尊
男生	503	39.26±9.22	4.19±4.34	2.99±3.79	29.53±4.38
女生	475	38.05±9.13	5.61±4.97	3.88±4.29	28.40±4.92
合计	978	38.68±9.19	4.88±4.71	3.42±4.06	28.98±4.68

变量	儿童创伤量表总分	性虐待	躯体虐待	情感虐待	躯体忽视	情感忽视	抑郁量表总分	焦虑量表总分	罗伯特自尊总分
儿童创伤量表总分	1.000
性虐待	0.256^a	1.000
躯体虐待	0.516^a	0.264^a	1.000
情感虐待	0.618^a	0.204^a	0.455^a	1.000
躯体忽视	0.763^a	0.139^a	0.262^a	0.311^a	1.000
情感忽视	0.851^a	0.091^a	0.321^a	0.339^a	0.534^a	1.000
抑郁量表总分	0.364^a	0.094^a	0.232^a	0.430^a	0.235^a	0.265^a	1.000
焦虑量表总分	0.353^a	0.118^a	0.214^a	0.387^a	0.229^a	0.254^a	0.728^a	1.000
罗伯特自尊总分	-0.425^a	-0.074^b	-0.232^a	-0.315^a	-0.298^a	-0.377^a	-0.407^a	-0.362^a	1.000