Abstract: Objective To understand the patterns and level of death and impact on life expectancy among the children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old in Nanchang City from 2018 to 2022,provide theoretical support for preventing childhood and adolescent mortality. Methods The death cases of children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old were collected in death monitoring system in Nanchang City from 2018 to 2022,and were classified and coded the basic causes of death according to the international classification of diseases（ICD-10）.The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted by calculating the indicators of cause of death composition ratio,mortality rate,standardized mortality rate potential years of life loss（PYLL）,potential years of life lost rate（PYLLR）,standardized potential years of life loss（SPYLL） and standardized potential years of life loss rate（SPYLLR） of children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old in Nanchang City from 2018 to 2022. Results From 2018 to 2022,the crude mortality rate of children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old in Nanchang City was 20.16/100 000,and the standardized mortality rate was 19.76/100 000. The crude mortality rate of males（22.89/100 000） was higher than that of females（15.65/100 000）,and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=43.213,P<0.05）.Among children and adolescents aged 5-<20 years old,the top three diseases with high PYLL were injuries poisoning,tumor and circulation system disease.The total cause of death PYLL was 61 316.00 person years,the PYLLR was 1 130.81/100 000,the SPYLL was 58 040.65 person years,and the SPYLLR was 1 070.40/100 000. Conclusion The injuries poisoning,tumor and circulation system diseasehave seriously threatened the health of children and adolescents in Nanchang City,and relevant government departments should take effective measures to promote the physical and mental health development of children and adolescents.

Key words: Children and adolescents, Cause of death, Potential years of life loss