Abstract: Objective To explore the multiple mediating effects among workplace violence,psychological capital,self-efficacy of emotional regulation and professional identity of junior nurses. Methods Convenience sampling was used to survey 389 junior nurses from one grade-A tertiary hospital each in northern,central,and southern Anhui Province from November 2023 to February 2024,using a general information questionnaire,workplace violence survey scale,nurse psychological capital scale,emotion regulation self-efficacy scale,and nurse professional identity scale,the chain intermediary model was constructed and tested. Results The total scores of workplace violence,psychological capital,emotional regulation self-efficacy and professional identity of junior nurses were （4.39±3.86）,（77.15±19.23）,（42.12±9.82） and （106.49±23.23）points,respectively. There was a correlation between workplace violence,psychological capital,emotional regulation self-efficacy and professional identity were all correlated.Workplace violence was negatively correlated with professional identity（r=-0.572,P<0.01）,psychological capital was positively correlated with professional identity（r=0.559,P<0.01）,and emotional regulation self-efficacy was positively correlated with professional identity（r=0.500,P<0.01）. The results of the mediation effect analysis showed that the indirect effect of workplace violence on professional identity was -0.357,in which the independent mediating effect of psychological capital and emotional regulation self-efficacy accounted for 30.83% and 17.68%,respectively,and the chain mediating effect of psychological capital and emotional regulation self-efficacy accounted for 7.20%. Conclusion Psychological capital and self-efficacy of emotion regulation have a chain mediating effect between workplace violence and professional identity of junior nurses. Managers can provide corresponding personalized psychological support programs and guide junior nurses to adopt positive emotional coping strategies,so as to improve nurses' professional identity level.

Key words: Workplace violence, Professional identity, Junior nurses, Psychological capital, Emotion regulation self-efficacy