Abstract:

Objective To understand the occupational health status of medical radiation workers in Xinjiang，and provide references for further strengthening radiation hygiene management and occupational health monitoring. Methods A total of 796 radiation workers who participated in occupational health examinations from 2021 to 2023 were selected as the research subjects. The health statuses of radiation workers with different genders，ages，length of service，exposure methods，and types of occupational radiation were compared and analyzed. Results The detection rates of abnormal hemoglobin，routine urine test，and lymphocyte micronucleus in female radiation workers were all higher than those in male radiation workers（7.5%>1.9%，42.5%>21.3%，2.2%>0， χ²=15.418，40.714，8.240，all P<0.05）. The detection rates of abnormal lens of the eyes，liver function，and kidney function in male radiation workers were higher than those in female radiation workers（7.3%>1.9%，28.2%>21.7%，27.0%>15.1%，χ²=11.548，4.291，15.620，all P<0.05）. The abnormal rates of platelets，routine urine test，and liver function in the compartment operation group were higher than those in the near-table operation group（7.0%>3.3%，33.6%>24.6%，32.3%>16.6%，χ²=5.302，7.649，25.299，all P<0.05）. The abnormal rate of the lens of the eyes in the near-table operation group was higher than that in the compartment operation group（8.5%>2.6%，χ²=14.139，P<0.05）. The detection rate of abnormal lens of the eyes was the highest in the age group of 45 years old and above，the working years group of 20 years and above，and the diagnostic radiology（2A） group in the classification of types of occupational radiation（17.5%，19.2%，8.7%，χ²=60.616，85.166，11.308，all P<0.05）. The detection rate of abnormal white blood cells was the highest in the age group of 30-<45 years old and the working years group of 10-<20 years（9.9%，10.2%，χ²=7.745，6.274，both P<0.05）. The detection rates of abnormal hemoglobin and routine urine test were the highest in the radiotherapy（2D） group in the classification of types of occupational radiation（10.6%，46.2%，χ²=18.932，40.056，both P<0.05）. The detection rate of abnormal liver function was the highest in the other（2F） group in the classification of types of occupational radiation（50%，χ²=20.132，P<0.05）. The detection rate of abnormal analysis of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes was the highest in the age group of 45 years old and above，the working years group of 20 years and above，and the dental radiology（2B） group in the classification of types of occupational radiation（2.9%，3.3%，12.5%，χ²=6.151，6.802，12.528，all P<0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with males，females was the risk factor for abnormal blood routine，white blood cell classification，and routine urine test in radiation workers（OR=1.579，2.497，95%CI 1.056-2.359，1.782-3.500）. Compared with the working years 0-<10 years，the working years of 20 years and above were risk factors for abnormal lens of the eye in radiation workers（OR=8.310，95%CI：1.700-40.611）. Compared with compartment operation，near-table operation was the risk factor for abnormal lens of the eyes in radiation workers（OR=10.405，95%CI：3.679-29.426）. Compared with diagnostic radiology（2A），nuclear medicine（2C） was the risk factor for abnormal liver function in radiation workers（OR=7.877，95%CI：3.094-20.052），radiotherapy（2D） was a risk factor for abnormal routine urine test in radiation workers（OR=1.718，95%CI：1.098-2.688），interventional radiology（2E） was the risk factor for abnormal liver function in radiationworkers（OR=3.306，95%CI：1.511-7.233），other（2F） was the risk factor for abnormal liver function in radiation workers（OR=1.192，95%CI：1.024-3.572）. Conclusion The way of exposure to ionizing radiation and the type of occupational radiation can affect the occupational health of radiation workers in Xinjiang. It is necessary to strengthen the routine detection of radiation hygiene and individual protection.

Key words: Radiation workers, Occupational health examination, Radiation prevention, Ionizing radiation exposure, Operational scenario risk, Radiation hygiene management