OCCUPATION AND HEALTH ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (18): 2490-2495.

• Treatise——Experiment·Monitoring and Inspection • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Analysis of CASP1 gene polymorphisms and loci interaction with susceptibility to silicosis in Xinjiang

KOU Jiulong1,2, XU Xueyu2, LI Xuedan2,3, LI Jiahui1,2, YANG Qian2, HE Ping2()   

  1. 1 Shihezi UniversityShiheziXinjiang 832000, China
    2 The Third People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqiXinjiang 830091, China
    3 Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiang, 830011, China
  • Received:2025-07-25 Revised:2025-12-29 Online:2026-09-15 Published:2026-08-28
  • Contact: HE Ping

Abstract:

Objective To explore the genetic susceptibility of cysteine aspartate-specific protease-1(CASP1)gene polymorphisms to silicosis in Xinjiang,as well as the loci interaction of nucleic acid binding oligomeric in the pathogenesis of silicosis,and to provide insights into the pathogenesis and prevention of silicosis. Methods By convenient sampling,workers diagnosed with occupational silicosis in a provincial occupational disease diagnosis institution in Xinjiang from January 2020 to December 2024 were selected as the research subjects. A total of 84 patients with occupational silicosis were included as the case group,and 70 workers exposed to silica dust but without pneumoconiosis were included as the control group. The single nucleotide polymorphism loci rs2282659,rs530537,rs516095,and rs1790203 of the CASP1 gene were selected.After blood sample collection,DNA was extracted for genotyping. A non-conditional logistic regression model was applied to analyze the association between genetic polymorphisms and silicosis susceptibility,and generalized multi-factor dimensionality reduction method was used to analyze the correlation of the interaction between polymorphism loci and silicosis. Results The secondary allele frequencies of rs2282659 and rs530537 in the silicosis group were significantly lower than those in the dust-exposed control group(both P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors such as exposure duration,smoking and alcohol consumption,in the dominant model at rs530537,carriers of TC and CC genotypes had lower risk of developing silicosis compared to TT genotype carriers(OR=0.461,95%CI:0.231-0.922,P<0.05). Under the superdominant model,TC genotype carriers showed reduced risk than TT and CC carriers(OR=0.495,95%CI:0.245-0.999,P<0.05). In the additive model,the risk of silicosis gradually decreased with increasing C allele frequency(OR=0.541, 95%CI:0.299-0.976,P<0.05),confirming the dominant model as the optimal genetic model. Interactions between GMDR loci revealed that the interaction model involving rs2282659,rs530537,and rs1790203 was the most significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The CASP1 genes rs530537 and rs2282659 are associated with the risk of silicosis,and there is an interaction with rs1790203,which provides clues for further study of the risk of silicosis.

Key words: Silicosis, CASP1, Gene polymorphism, Interaction, Genetic model

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