林下山参保健酒对小鼠免疫功能的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的研究林下山参保健酒对小鼠细胞免疫、体液免疫、单核-巨噬细胞功能、自然杀伤细胞（natural killer cell，NK细胞）活性等方面的免疫调节作用，探索林下山参保健酒对机体免疫功能是否具有积极的影响。方法 200只SPF级雌性昆明种小鼠随机分为4大组，每大组又分为高、中、低、微和基酒对照组5个小组，对应500，333、250、167和0 mg/（kg·bw·d）生药材量。连续37 d按0.2 mL/（10 g·bw·d）经口给予相应剂量林下山参保健酒，基酒对照组给予等量白酒基酒。末次给予受试物后，细胞免疫通过脾淋巴细胞转化实验和迟发型超敏反应（delayed type hypersensitivity，DTH）测定；体液免疫通过溶血空斑试验和半数溶血值（half hemolysis value，HC₅₀）测定；单核-巨噬细胞功能通过小鼠碳廓清能力和半体内法吞噬鸡红细胞能力测定；NK细胞活性采用乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase，LDH）测定法测定。结果经口给予不同剂量的林下山参保健酒37 d后，各组动物生长活动良好，对主要免疫器官脏器系数无影响。500和333 mg/（kg·bw·d）组小鼠绵羊红细胞（sheep red blood cell，SRBC）攻击前后足跖厚度值差分别为1.14和1.00 mm，均大于基酒对照组（0.80 mm）（t=0.000、0.047，均P<0.05）；500和333 mg/（kg·bw·d）组HC₅₀值分别为150.9和145.0，均显著多于基酒对照组（121.3）（t=0.007、0.039，均P<0.05）；500 mg/（kg·bw·d）组小鼠NK细胞活性为37.1%，显著高于基酒对照组（20.7%）（t=0.004，P<0.05）。其他各项实验未见免疫抑制现象。结论林下山参保健酒可提高小鼠细胞免疫和体液免疫功能，增强小鼠NK细胞活性，提示其对实验小鼠免疫力功能具有改善作用。

关键词: 林下山参, 免疫力, 小鼠, 体液免疫, 细胞免疫, NK细胞

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Health Wine on cellular immunity，humoral immunity，monocyte macrophage function，and natural killer cell（NK） activity in mice. Methods Totally 200 SPF female Kunming mice were randomly divided into 4 major groups，and each major group was further divided into 5 subgroups，corresponding to 500，333，250，167 and 0 mg/（kg·bw·d） of crude drug dosage，10 animals in each subgroup. The mice were administered orally Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Health Wine with different concentrations for 37 days，the gavage volume was 0.2 mL/（10 g·bw·d）. The alcohol-based control group was given the same amount of the wine base. Following the final administration of the test substances，cellular immunity was measured by mouse splenic lymphocyte transformation test and delayed type hypersensitivity assay（DTH），humoral immunity was measured by plaque forming cell assay（PFC） and half hemolysis value（HC₅₀），the function of mononuclear macrophages was determined by carbon particle clearance test in mice and the phagocytosis assay of chicken red blood cells by macrophages，and NK cell activity was measured using lactate dehydrogenase assay（LDH）. Results After oral administration of different doses of Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Health Wine for 37 days，the growth and activity of animals in each group were good，and no influence was exerted on the organ coefficients of immune organs. In the 500 and 333 mg/（kg·bw·d） groups，the plantar metatarsal thickness difference before and after sheep red blood cell（SRBC） attack in mice was 1.14 and 1.00 mm，respectively，both greater than that in the alcohol-based control group（0.80 mm）（t=0.000， 0.047，bothP<0.05）. In the 500 and 333 mg/（kg·bw·d） groups，the HC₅₀ value was 150.9 and 145.0，respectively，both higher than that in the alcohol-based control group（121.3）（t=0.007，0.039，bothP<0.05）. The NK cell activity in 500 mg/（kg·bw·d） group was 37.1%，higher than that in the alcohol-based control group（20.7%）（t=0.004，P<0.05）. No evidence of immunosuppression was observed in the other experiments. Conclusion Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Health Wine can enhance cellular immunity，humoral immunity，and NK cell activity in mice，suggesting that it has the effect of improving immune function in mice.

Key words: Mountain Cultivated Ginseng, Immune function, Mice, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, NK cell

中图分类号:

R-332

张力, 李敏, 岳文博, 管彤, 张静, 钱智勇. 林下山参保健酒对小鼠免疫功能的影响. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(13): 1758-1763.

ZHANG Li, LI Min, YUE Wenbo, GUAN Tong, ZHANG Jing, QIAN Zhiyong. Effect of Mountain Cultivated Ginseng Health Wine on the immune function of mice. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(13): 1758-1763.

图/表 6

参考文献 25

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剂量[mg/（kg·bw·d）]	初始体质量（g）	末期体质量（g）	增重（g）
免疫1组
500	25.3±1.3	37.2±3.9	12.0±4.8
333	25.1±0.9	36.9±2.2	11.8±1.8
250	24.7±2.2	36.0±2.6	11.4±3.3
167	26.1±1.0	36.8±2.0	10.8±2.3
0	25.7±2.2	37.5±2.5	11.9±4.2
F值	1.066	0.423	0.201
P值	0.385	0.791	0.936
免疫2组
500	25.1±1.4	37.7±3.3	12.6±3.0
333	24.9±1.9	36.9±3.5	12.0±2.4
250	24.8±1.0	37.8±2.4	13.0±2.8
167	25.7±1.3	38.4±3.3	12.7±3.0
0	25.4±1.6	38.6±3.5	13.2±3.2
F值	0.690	0.448	0.231
P值	0.603	0.773	0.920
免疫3组
500	24.5±2.0	38.6±4.5	14.1±4.7
333	26.3±1.8	39.6±3.9	13.3±3.6
250	25.3±1.9	37.1±2.9	11.9±2.5
167	25.1±1.6	37.6±2.5	12.5±3.3
0	24.8±1.5	36.8±2.4	12.0±3.0
F值	1.537	1.200	0.715
P值	0.208	0.324	0.586
免疫4组
500	24.9±1.5	38.4±3.1	13.5±3.6
333	25.7±1.6	40.0±4.4	14.3±4.7
250	24.7±2.1	36.5±3.3	11.9±3.5
167	25.7±1.7	37.7±2.4	12.0±2.9
0	25.5±1.2	37.7±1.7	12.2±2.4
F值	0.871	1.645	0.934
P值	0.489	0.180	0.453

剂量[mg/（kg·bw·d）]	初始体质量（g）	末期体质量（g）	增重（g）
免疫1组
500	25.3±1.3	37.2±3.9	12.0±4.8
333	25.1±0.9	36.9±2.2	11.8±1.8
250	24.7±2.2	36.0±2.6	11.4±3.3
167	26.1±1.0	36.8±2.0	10.8±2.3
0	25.7±2.2	37.5±2.5	11.9±4.2
F值	1.066	0.423	0.201
P值	0.385	0.791	0.936
免疫2组
500	25.1±1.4	37.7±3.3	12.6±3.0
333	24.9±1.9	36.9±3.5	12.0±2.4
250	24.8±1.0	37.8±2.4	13.0±2.8
167	25.7±1.3	38.4±3.3	12.7±3.0
0	25.4±1.6	38.6±3.5	13.2±3.2
F值	0.690	0.448	0.231
P值	0.603	0.773	0.920
免疫3组
500	24.5±2.0	38.6±4.5	14.1±4.7
333	26.3±1.8	39.6±3.9	13.3±3.6
250	25.3±1.9	37.1±2.9	11.9±2.5
167	25.1±1.6	37.6±2.5	12.5±3.3
0	24.8±1.5	36.8±2.4	12.0±3.0
F值	1.537	1.200	0.715
P值	0.208	0.324	0.586
免疫4组
500	24.9±1.5	38.4±3.1	13.5±3.6
333	25.7±1.6	40.0±4.4	14.3±4.7
250	24.7±2.1	36.5±3.3	11.9±3.5
167	25.7±1.7	37.7±2.4	12.0±2.9
0	25.5±1.2	37.7±1.7	12.2±2.4
F值	0.871	1.645	0.934
P值	0.489	0.180	0.453

剂量[mg/（kg·bw·d）]	吞噬指数	腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞
剂量[mg/（kg·bw·d）]	吞噬指数	吞噬百分率（%）	吞噬指数
500	6.69±2.41	20.7±8.9	0.285±0.095
333	6.29±2.73	20.8±5.3	0.279±0.062
250	6.70±1.46	16.7±5.3	0.242±0.080
167	7.07±2.39	15.8±3.2	0.223±0.038
0	6.73±1.63	16.8±4.1	0.243±0.053
F值	0.161	1.766	1.488
P值	0.957	0.152	0.222

剂量[mg/（kg·bw·d）]	吞噬指数	腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞
剂量[mg/（kg·bw·d）]	吞噬指数	吞噬百分率（%）	吞噬指数
500	6.69±2.41	20.7±8.9	0.285±0.095
333	6.29±2.73	20.8±5.3	0.279±0.062
250	6.70±1.46	16.7±5.3	0.242±0.080
167	7.07±2.39	15.8±3.2	0.223±0.038
0	6.73±1.63	16.8±4.1	0.243±0.053
F值	0.161	1.766	1.488
P值	0.957	0.152	0.222

剂量[mg/（kg·bw·d）]	胸腺/体质量比（%）	脾脏/体质量比（%）
500	0.458±0.082	0.410±0.067
333	0.483±0.066	0.438±0.064
250	0.451±0.038	0.436±0.066
167	0.456±0.054	0.404±0.072
0	0.461±0.063	0.411±0.074
F值	0.417	0.540
P值	0.796	0.707