关键词: 职业卫生, 职业病危害因素, 定期检测, 化工行业, 噪声, 化学因素, 粉尘

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the implementation of regular occupational hazard monitoring in the chemical industry of Bao'an District，Shenzhen City in 2024，and to provide a scientific basis for precise prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods Quality checks and data analysis were conducted on the regular monitoring reports of occupational hazards in chemical enterprises of Bao'an District submitted by occupational health technical service institutions through the Guangdong Provincial Occupational Health Quality Control Platform in 2024. Results In 2024，a total of 224 chemical enterprises in Bao'an District carried out regular monitoring of occupational hazards，with an implementation rate of 11.35%. The implementation rate showed a significant decreasing trend with the reduction of enterprise scale（large，medium，small，and micro enterprises），reaching 85.71%，40.00%，21.96%，and 1.95%，respectively（P<0.01）. These enterprises involved 37 459 workers，among whom 18 812 were exposed to occupational hazards，with an exposure rate of 50.22%. The exposure rates to physical factors，chemical factors，and dust were 34.18%，25.48%，and 6.80% respectively，with the leading factors in each category being noise（60.15%），n-hexane（16.92%），and other dust（7.84%）. There were 114 enterprises with excessive occupational hazards，with an over-standard rate of 50.89%，which also showed a decreasing trend with the reduction of enterprise scale（large，medium，small，and micro enterprises），with rates of 83.33%，67.86%，52.38%，and 9.09%，respectively（P<0.01）. The over-standard rates of physical factors，chemical factors，and dust were 50.00%，1.79%，and 0.45%，respectively. Noise had the highest over-standard rate（52.34%），mainly concentrated in the positions of crushing workers and stamping workers. Conclusion The implementation rate of regular monitoring of occupational hazards in the chemical industry of Bao'an District is relatively low，with insufficient implementation in small and micro enterprises，and noise is the main over-standard factor. It is necessary to strengthen occupational health assistance and supervision for small and micro enterprises，focus on noise prevention and control and key post management，so as to comprehensively improve the level of occupational disease prevention and control in the industry.

Key words: Occupational health, Occupational hazards, Regular monitoring, Chemical industry, Noise, Chemical agents, Dust