Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status and risk level of drug use behavior among residents in Shaanxi Province,explore the influencing factors of drug use risks among residents,and provide a reference for promoting rational drug use. Methods A cross-sectional study was adopted to conduct an online and offline basic information（gender,age,monthly income,place of residence,medical insurance status,education level,work status,occupation,etc） and questionnaire surveys on Shaanxi permanent residents aged ≥19 years old from August to November 2021. A total of 548 valid questionnaires were collected,mainly female,19-<50 years old,and employed urban residents. Optimal scale regression analysis was used to examine the impact of residents’ basic information on knowledge-attitude-practice（KAP） in medication use. Results The average scores of residents on medication knowledge,attitude and practices were （51.90±14.82）,（29.78±5.87） and （52.43±9.90）points,respectively. The optimal scale regression analysis results showed that factors affecting the score of medication knowledge among residents include gender（important coefficient=0.057,P<0.05）,medical insurance status（important coefficient=0.073,P<0.01）,education level （important coefficient=0.324,P<0.001）,and occupation（important coefficient=0.438,P<0.01）. Factors affecting medication attitude among residents include medical insurance status（important coefficient=0.080,P<0.01）and occupation（important coefficient=0.689,P<0.01）. Factors affecting medication behavior among residents include gender（important coefficient=0.218,P<0.01）,medical insurance status（important coefficient=0.178,P<0.01）,work status（important coefficient=0.069,P<0.05） and occupation（important coefficient=0.415,P<0.01）. Conclusion Through the KAP survey analysis of medication risks among residents in Shaanxi Province,we find that the average knowledge and behavioral risks of medication among residents are low,but their attitude towards medication education activities is not proactive enough. Special attention should be paid to the medication risks and medication education of males,aged ≥65,current students,self-paying medical services and primary school educated population.

Key words: Residents, Knowledge-attitude-practice, Medication risks, Medication education