OCCUPATION AND HEALTH

Correlation and mediating effect analysis of job burnout,doctor-patient relationship and turnover intention of clinical medical staff in children’s hospital

WANG Shuangshuang, WANG Ruixiao, DU Xiaoliang, YANG Jiayi

2024, 40(10): 1297-1301.

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Objective To understand the correlation between job burnout,doctor-patient relationship and turnover intention among clinical medical staff in a grade-A tertiary children's hospital in Yunnan Province,and analyze the mediating role of doctor-patient relationship between turnover intention and job burnout,so as to provide some guidance and basis for managers to formulate strategies to prevent and alleviate job burnout among clinical medical staff. Methods Using the convenient sampling method,1 273 clinical medical staff in a grade-A tertiary children's hospital in Yunnan Province were investigated by using job burnout scale,doctor-patient relationship scale and turnover intention scale from January to March 2023,and the data was analyzed. Results The score of job burnout of clinical medical staff in children's hospital was （41.27±22.08）points,the score of doctor-patient relationship was （21.93±6.68）points,and the score of turnover intention was （12.21±4.00）points. There were significant differences in job burnout scores among clinical medical staff with different educational backgrounds,post,positions,working departments and monthly income（all P<0.05）. There were significant differences in doctor-patient relationship scores among clinical medical staff with different positions and departments（both P<0.05）. There were significant differences in the scores of turnover intention of clinical medical staff with different gender,education background,post,professional title,working department and employment form（all P<0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that the doctor-patient relationship and turnover intention were positively correlated with the total score of job burnout,the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization（all P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with the dimensions of personal accomplishment（both P<0.01）. The doctor-patient relationship was positively correlated with turnover intention（P<0.01）.The analysis of the mediating effect showed that the doctor-patient relationship plays a partial mediating role in the turnover intention and job burnout of clinical medical staff in children’s hospital,with a mediating effect of 0.725,accounting for 38% of the total effect. Conclusion Among the clinical medical staff in a grade-A tertiary children's hospital,the stronger the turnover intention,the more difficult the doctor-patient relationship is,and the more serious the job burnout is. The doctor-patient relationship plays a partial intermediary role in the turnover intention and job burnout. The management department should create a good and harmonious doctor-patient environment,ease the tension between doctors and patients,provide a comfortable and good practice environment for clinical medical staff as much as possible,focus on the psychological status and turnover intention of medical staff and give psychological counseling and intervention measures in time to reduce the occurrence and development of job burnout.

Analysis on status quo and influencing factors of professional calling among nurses in the core departments of chest pain centers in three grade-A tertiary hospitals in Zhengzhou City

WANG Linlin, LIU Yanping, WANG Jiajia, LIANG Shan, LIU Shu

2024, 40(10): 1302-1307.

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Objective To understand the status quo of professional calling among nurses in core departments of chest pain center,analyze its influencing factors,and provide reference for improving the professional calling level of nurses in core departments of chest pain center. Methods From March to May 2023,a convenience sampling method was used to select 339 core department nurses from three grade-A tertiary hospitals in Zhengzhou City as the survey subjects. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using the professional call scale,three dimensional personality advantage scale,clinical nursing staff information literacy scale and job remodeling scale,and the data was analyzed. Results The total score of professional calling for nurses in the core departments of the chest pain center was （42.83±9.50）points,professional title,average monthly income,personality advantages,information literacy and job remodeling were the main influencing factors of the professional calling level of nurses in the core department of the chest pain center（all P<0.05）,which could explain 47.4% of the total variation. Conclusions The professional calling of nurses in the core departments of the chest pain center is at a moderate level. Nursing managers should increase their organizational and emotional support for nurses,regularly conduct professional calling training,and improve their professional calling skills.

Effects of arsenic exposure during pregnancy and lactation on the neurobehavior of rat offspring

TIAN Ruiting, SUN Hongguang, SHEN Chenchen, LI Anran, MA Yan

2024, 40(10): 1308-1313.

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Objective To explore the effects of exposure to arsenic in drinking water during pregnancy and lactation on the neurobehavior of SD rat offspring（referred to as offspring）. Methods Totally 6 SPF grade 8-weeks-old SD rats were caged in a female ∶ male ratio of 2 ∶ 1 and randomly divided into 4 groups. After birth,the offspring were further grouped into mother rats. The same dose group selected 10 offspring rats from each litter based on a random principle. The doses of 0.5,2.0,and 8.0 mg/kg were determined based on 1/80,1/20 and 1/5 of the half lethal dose（LD₅₀） of the maternal sodium arsenite（NaAsO₂）. From gestation day 0（GD 0） to postnatal day 21（PND 21）,rats were exposed to arsenic through free drinking water for 42 days,and the control group（0 mg/kg） drank normal water. At the end of the arsenic exposure,the offspring rats were subjected to open field experiments and Morris water maze tests. The brain tissues of the offspring rats were taken for HE and Nissl staining to observe the pathological changes of nerve cells. Results Compared with the control group,the total distance traveled by rats in the arsenic exposure group during pregnancy and lactation was reduced,the average speed was reduced,and the number of activities was increased （all P<0.05）. On the 2nd and 4th days of positioning and navigation training,the incubation period of the high-dose group was prolonged（P<0.05）. On the 5th day of training,the latency period of both the medium-dose group and the high-dose group was prolonged（both P<0.05）. In the space exploration experiment,the effective area movement distance,movement time and escape platform retention time of the medium-dose group and high-dose group were shortened（all P<0.05）. HE staining and Nissl staining results showed that nerve cells in the brain tissue were loosely arranged and the gaps were widened,the number of Nissl bodies was reduced,and some showed vacuolar degeneration. Conclusion Exposure to arsenic in drinking water during pregnancy and lactation leads to a decrease in autonomous exploration activity,as well as weakened autonomous motor and learning and memory abilities in offspring.

Analysis on relationship between challenge-hindrance stress and job burnout among counselors in higher vocational colleges

REN Linlin, LYU Boyi, ZHAO Zhijun, HUANG Agang

2024, 40(10): 1314-1317.

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Objective To investigate the effects of challenge-hindrance stress on job burnout of counselors in higher vocational colleges. Methods From August to September 2022,537 higher vocational college counselors were tested by the challenge-hindrance stress scale,psychological capital scale and job burnout scale,and the data was analyzed. Results The scores of 537 higher vocational college counselors on challenging stress scale,hindrance stress scale,psychological capital scale and job burnout scale were （5.71±0.97）,（5.98±0.76）,（4.06±1.93） and （9.16±3.25）points,respectively. The scores of job burnout among higher vocational college counselors of different genders,marital status,education level,and working years were compared,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. The challenging stress of higher vocational college counselors was negatively correlated with job burnout（r=-0.12,P<0.05）,and positively correlated with psychological capital（r=0.26,P<0.01）. Hindrance stress was positively correlated with job burnout（r=0.14,P<0.05）,and negatively correlated with psychological capital（r=-0.23,P<0.01）. In the high psychological capital group,individuals’ challenging stress scores could significantly negatively predict their job burnout（β=-0.38,t=3.21,P<0.01）,while hindrance stress scores could not predict job burnout（β=-0.13,t=0.81,P>0.05）. In the low psychological capital group,the challenging stress score of individuals could not predict their job burnout（β=-0.02,t=0.66,P>0.05）,and the obstructive stress score could significantly predict their job burnout positively（β=0.26,t=2.16,P<0.05）. Conclusion There is a close relationship between challenge-hindrance stress and job burnout among higher vocational college counselors,and psychological capital plays a significant role in moderating challenge-hindrance stress and job burnout.

Mediating role of social support in the relationship between work stress and job burnout of class teachers

ZHOU Changsheng, SHAJingyu, XU Yangyu, LI Chunmei

2024, 40(10): 1318-1323.

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Objective To understand the impact of class teachers' work stress on job burnout,focusing on the moderating effect of social support. Methods In September 2022,a cluster sampling method was adopted to select 2 075 ordinary high school class teachers in Harbin City as the investigation objects.A questionnaire survey was conducted using social support scale,job stress scale and job burnout scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of work stress,social support and job burnout were （4.012±0.279）,（2.573±0.574） and （3.315±0.740）points,respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of work stress for class teachers was positively correlated with the total score of job burnout（r=0.240,P<0.05）,and negatively correlated with the total score of social support（r=-0.149,P<0.01）. Multiple regression analysis showed that student problems,work load,family interpersonal,self-development were the main influencing factors of class teacher job burnout（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The class teachers have high work stress,low level of social support and serious job burnout. Work stress can positively predict job burnout. Social support has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between workload stressors and job burnout,with leadership support having the strongest moderating effect.

Protection design and effect analysis of transforming simulation positioning room into accelerator radiotherapy room

ZHANG Zhao, LIU Xiaoli, MA Yongzhong

2024, 40(10): 1324-1328.

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Objective To analyze and determine the shielding protection design project of a rebuilt accelerator radiotherapy room,and to estimate and verify the radiation level of the focus area outside the room,so as to provide experimental basis for the scientific design of radiation protection of therapy room. Methods From 2020 to 2023,A 10 MV accelerator and the treatment room to be rebuilt were used as the research objects,the shielding width of primary radiation beam and the dose rate of the attention points outside the accelerator room were estimated and detected by means of the calculation methods provided by IAEA 47,NCRP 151 and GBZ/T 201.2-2011 "Radiation shielding specification for radiation therapy room Part 2：Electronic linear accelerator radiation therapy room",etc. An X/γ dose rate meter typed 6150 AD b/H/ was used to verify the radiation level of attention area outside the machine room,and analyzed and the measurement data were evaluated according to relevant technical specifications and standards. Results A normal X-ray simaulating positioning machine room was transformed into an accelerator radiotherapy room with a maximum X-ray of 10 MV,and the shielding design of the accelerator radiotherapy room was determined. The dose rates from the primary radiation beam zone outside the south wall,the north wall and the roof of the room were 1.67,0.30 and 1.65 μSv/h,respectively. The theoretical calculated dose rates from the primary radiation beam zone outside the wall were almost consistent with the measured values,and the measured values in the second radiation beam zone outside the wall were all in the background radiation levels. The measured dose rate outside the protective door were all lower than 2.5 μSv/h,and the measured dose rate on the surface of the door body was about 4 times of the theoretical calculated value. Conclusion It is reasonable and feasible to change the area of simulating positioning machine into an accelerator treatment room,the shielding design of the protective door and its effect verification are the key points of radiation protection and appropriate measures should be taken to effectively reduce the radiation level outside the protective door.

Determination of 14 mycotoxins in hams with QuEchER based extraction and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

LUAN Jie, LIU Yang, BAI Yinghao

2024, 40(10): 1329-1332.

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Objective To establish a QuEchERs extraction and ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry（LC-MS/MS） method for the determination of 14 mycotoxins（fumarins B1,fumarins B2,fumarins B3,aflatoxin B₁,aflatoxin B₂,cyclopianic acid,aflatoxin G₁,aflatoxin G₂,citronillin,ophiformin,T₂ toxin,Neosolanol,Sterigmatocystin,and Ochratoxin A） in hams. Methods The ham samples were extracted by 20 mL 80% acetonitrile（acetonitrile+water+formic acid=80+19+1）. The extracts were purified by QuEchERs,and the mobile phases were 0.1% formic acid water and acetonitrile. The samples were separated by C18 column and quantitated by multiple reaction monitoring（MRM）. Results After testing,the toxin content of 14 mycotoxins ranged from 0.5 to 100 μg/L,with correlation coefficients>0.997. The lower limit of quantification（LOQ） were 1.67 to 66.67 μg/kg. In addition,the spiked recoveries was 79.1%-96.2%,and the relative standard deviation were 1.1%-9.5%. Conclusion The QuEchERs extraction ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry detection method established is fast,accurate,sensitive,and suitable for the detection of 14 mycotoxins in ham.

Effects of lycium barbarum polysaccharides on hydroperoxide induced autophagy and activation of ERK/mTOR pathway in HK-2 cells

SHAN Tieqiang, GUO Ming, PI Shanshan, ZHANG Yinping, GUO Fei, SHAN Tieying

2024, 40(10): 1333-1337.

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Objective To analyze the lycium barbarum polysaccharides on hydroperoxide-induced autophagy of renal tubular epithelial cells（human kidney,HK-2） and the activation of extracellular regulated protein kinases（ERK）/mammalian target of rapamycin（mTOR） pathway in cells,and to explore the mechanism of lycium barbarum polysaccharides in improving oxidative damage. Methods The HK-2 cells were cultured in vitro and arranged into control group,lycium barbarum polysaccharide group,oxidative stress group and treatment group according to different treatment methods. The control group was given cell culture medium. The lycium barbarum polysaccharide group was given cell culture medium containing lycium barbarum polysaccharide. The oxidative stress group was given cell culture medium containing hydrogen peroxide. The treatment group was firstly incubated with lycium barbarum polysaccharide cell culture solution for 24 hours,and then added hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes. The treatment time of each group was the same. The growth state of cells in each group was observed. The cell viability test box was used to analyze the survival rate of cells in each group. The content of malondialdehyde（MDA） in the cytoplasm and the activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD） were analyzed by colorimetry. The contents of cytoplasmic autophagy protein microtubule-associated protein light chain 3（LC3） and ERK/mTOR pathway related proteins ERK,p hosphorylation ERK（p-ERK）,mTOR and phosphorylation mTOR（p-mTOR） were evaluated by Western blot. Results In contrast to control group,the lycium barbarum polysaccharide group had no significant difference in cell growth status,survival rate,MDA content and SOD activity in the cytoplasm,the content of autophagy protein LC3 and ERK/mTOR pathway related proteins ERK,p-ERK,mTOR and p-mTOR（all P>0.05）. In the oxidative stress group,the number of cells shrinkage and suspension was more,the survival rate[（51.16±4.85）%] decreased,MDA[（4.78±0.81）mmol/L] increased,SOD[（10.11±1.17）U/L] decreased,the intracellular LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ（0.391±0.058） decreased,p-ERK/ERK（1.526±0.185）,and the p-mTOR/mTOR（1.423±0.174） increased（all P<0.05）. In contrast to oxidative stress group,treatment group had better cell status,less suspension,higher survival rate[（86.29±4.55）%],lower MDA[（2.22±0.46）mmol/L],higher SOD[（18.25±2.33）U/L],higher intracellular LC3II/LC3 I（0.846±0.091）,lower p-ERK/ERK（0.906±0.127）,and lower p-mTOR/mTOR（0.820±0.092）（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The lycium barbarum polysaccharide can inhibit the ERK/mTOR signal pathway in HK-2 stimulated by hydrogen peroxide,enhance the autophagy of cells,raise the survival rate of cells and improve their oxidative damage.

Epidemiological characteristics and species analysis of mushroom poisoning incidents in Sichuan Province from 2019 to 2022

TONG Zhaoyan, CHEN Wen, XU Yi, LIN Li

2024, 40(10): 1338-1342.

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Objective The analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mushroom poisoning incidents in Sichuan Province from 2019 to 2022,and provide scientific basis and reference suggestions for the prevention and control of mushroom poisoning in Sichuan Province. Methods Information related to mushroom poisoning in Sichuan Province from 2019 to 2022 was collected from the Food-borne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System. Excel 13.0 was used to organize the relevant data,and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 474 cases of mushroom poisoning were reported in Sichuan Province from 2019 to 2022,with 1 659 cases and 10 deaths,and the case fatality rate was 6.03‰. The period from June to October was a high incidence period for mushroom poisoning incidents,with the number of incidents,incidence,and mortality accounting for 91.77%（435/474）,91.56%（1 519/1 659） and 80%（8/10）,respectively. Mianyang City,Liangshan Prefecture,Zigong City,Yibin City,Guangyuan City,Chengdu City and Luzhou City were the key cities and prefectures,with the number of incidents and incidence of 81.22%（385/474） and 78.72%（1 306/1 659）,respectively. Anzhou District,Yanyuan County,Jiangyou City,Rong County,Youxian District,Wangcang County,Gulin County,Muli Tibetan Autonomous County and Santai County were the key districts and counties,and the number of incidents in these nine districts and counties exceeded 10,accounting for 47.89%（227/474） of the total number of incidents. Families were high-risk places,with the number of incidents,incidence,and mortality accounted for 88.40%（419/474）,81.74%（1356/1659） and 100.00%（10/10）,respectively. The main cause of the incident was self-mining,accounting for 75.20%（379/504）. The main cause of the incident was ingestion and misuse,accounting for 97.28%（465/478）. Among the identified toxic types,gastroentertis type was the main type,accounting for 65.45%（36/55）. Conclusion Relevant departments should increase project funds to support the identification and typing of toadstool species. Key areas should actively carry out health education activities on mushroom poisoning for key populations during the high incidence season,create local wild mushroom science popularization maps,and carry out wild mushroom education in rural areas and households. Grassroots medical institutions should improve the diagnosis ability and treatment level of mushroom poisoning cases. Relevant departments need to continue to strengthen the construction of the monitoring and reporting systems.

Investigation on knowledge-attitude-practice of medication risks among residents in Shaanxi Province

ZHANG Weina, LIU Zhenguo, LI Lanfang, SHI Xiaolin

2024, 40(10): 1343-1346.

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Objective To investigate the current status and risk level of drug use behavior among residents in Shaanxi Province,explore the influencing factors of drug use risks among residents,and provide a reference for promoting rational drug use. Methods A cross-sectional study was adopted to conduct an online and offline basic information（gender,age,monthly income,place of residence,medical insurance status,education level,work status,occupation,etc） and questionnaire surveys on Shaanxi permanent residents aged ≥19 years old from August to November 2021. A total of 548 valid questionnaires were collected,mainly female,19-<50 years old,and employed urban residents. Optimal scale regression analysis was used to examine the impact of residents’ basic information on knowledge-attitude-practice（KAP） in medication use. Results The average scores of residents on medication knowledge,attitude and practices were （51.90±14.82）,（29.78±5.87） and （52.43±9.90）points,respectively. The optimal scale regression analysis results showed that factors affecting the score of medication knowledge among residents include gender（important coefficient=0.057,P<0.05）,medical insurance status（important coefficient=0.073,P<0.01）,education level （important coefficient=0.324,P<0.001）,and occupation（important coefficient=0.438,P<0.01）. Factors affecting medication attitude among residents include medical insurance status（important coefficient=0.080,P<0.01）and occupation（important coefficient=0.689,P<0.01）. Factors affecting medication behavior among residents include gender（important coefficient=0.218,P<0.01）,medical insurance status（important coefficient=0.178,P<0.01）,work status（important coefficient=0.069,P<0.05） and occupation（important coefficient=0.415,P<0.01）. Conclusion Through the KAP survey analysis of medication risks among residents in Shaanxi Province,we find that the average knowledge and behavioral risks of medication among residents are low,but their attitude towards medication education activities is not proactive enough. Special attention should be paid to the medication risks and medication education of males,aged ≥65,current students,self-paying medical services and primary school educated population.

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of public health emergencies in Jiangchuan District of Yuxi City from 2007 to 2021

NIAN Pengying, LI Zhichao, LIU Yingping, LIU Zigui, CHEN Hong, LIU Jiangwei

2024, 40(10): 1347-1351.

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Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Jiangchuan District of Yuxi City from 2007 to 2021,and to provide reference for the formulation and adjustment of prevention and control measures in Jiangchuan District. Methods Data on public health emergency of Jiangchuan District in Yuxi City from 2007 to 2021 were collected from China Information System for Public Health Emergency Management,a subsystem of China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control,and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 47 public health emergencies were reported in Jiangchuan District of Yuxi City from 2007 to 2021,including 25 163 people,989 cases and 7 deaths,with an attack rate of 3.93%. The event level was mainly general events（74.47%）. The main types of events were infectious disease events（65.96%）,with 93.55% being viral public health emergencies. The top three reported diseases were hand-foot-mouth disease（41.94%）,chicken pox（19.36%） and H1N1 influenza A（9.68%）. The incidents mainly occurred from June to July and October,with the main locations being schools. There was a statistically significant difference in the attack rate of emergencies between different locations（χ²=568.26,P<0.05）. Conclusion Infectious diseases are the main causes of public health emergencies in Jiangchuan,and kindergartens and primary schools are the key places for prevention and control. The prevention and control of common infectious diseases in schools will be a key focus of public health work in Jiangchuan District of Yuxi City in the future. It is necessary to strengthen routine monitoring of key infectious diseases and take comprehensive prevention and control measures such as health education.

Epidemiological characteristics and control strategies of syphilis in Zhushan County of Hubei Province from 2016-2022

WANG Xinghua, LIANG Feng, GUO Qiao, DU Fei, SUN Changxi, RUAN Yingyong

2024, 40(10): 1352-1355.

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Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of syphilis in Zhushan County,Shiyan City,and provide a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of syphilis epidemic in Zhushan County from 2016 to 2022 was derived from the communicable disease surveillance system and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 429 cases of syphilis were reported in Zhushan County from 2016 to 2022,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 13.45/100 000,showing an upward trend year by year. The epidemic situation was distributed in every township of the county,but the highest prevalence was in Pankou Township,Shangyong Township,Chengguan Chamdo and Shuangtai Township. The clinical classification showed that 94.64% of the cases were invisible syphilis,and 80.65% of the cases were caused by non-marital sexual contact. The main occupations were peasants（56.18%） and housework and unemployment（29.60%）. It was significantly higher in women than in men（χ²=29.78,P<0.01）,but it was significantly higher in men aged 55-<75 than in women（χ²=8.55,P<0.01）. The age of onset was mainly concentrated in the age group of 25-<60 years old,accounting for 73.66% of the total reported incidence. The reported incidence rates of 75-<85 years old and 25-<45 years old were 23.67/100 000 and 23.30/100 000,respectively,which were significantly higher than the average level,and the trend of incidence aging and younger women were obvious. Conclusion From 2016 to 2022,the incidence rate of syphilis in Zhushan County shows a rising trend year by year,the epidemic situation is distributed in every township of the county,the reason for the rise of the epidemic situation is the large number of local migrant workers,the poor accessibility of high-risk behavior intervention,and the high rate of reproductive tract infection among rural women. A sound prevention and control system,standardized prevention and control responsibilities,and precise prevention and control strategies that are in line with local characteristics,such as reminders and warnings for syphilis prevention and control for migrant workers,are important measures to curb the spread of the epidemic.

Epidemiological analysis of syphilis in Pingchang Country of Bazhong City from 2016 to 2021

ZHANG Cuihua, DING Caihua, YANG Xiaohong, LUO Junjie, YANG Fan

2024, 40(10): 1356-1360.

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Objective To understand the distribution and epidemic characteristics of syphilis in Pingchang County of Bazhong City from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide conference for formulating appropriate and effective prevention and control policies. Methods Data was exported from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the syphilis epidemic in Pingchang County of Bazhong City from 2016 to 2021. Results A total af 1 763 syphilis cases were reported in Pingchang County of Bazhong City from 2016 to 2021, with an average annual incidence rate of 36.29/100 000. The reported incidence rate increased from 22.59/100 000 in 2016 to 39.93/100 000 in 2021 （χ²_trend=55.192, P<0.01）, with an average annual growth rate of 12.07%. There was a statistically significant difference in the annual incidence rate of syphilis（χ²=95.375, P<0.01）. The main type of syphilis was recessive syphilis（89.05%）. The top 10 high-prevalence areas were Jiangkou Town, Bishan Town, Tuxing Town, Zhenlong Town, Chauma Town, Baiyi Town, Yuntai Town, Qiujia Town, Qingyun Town, Yuanshan Town, accounting for 50.20% of the tatal, with Zhenlong Town exhibiting the largest increase average annual growth rate（67.03%）. The incidence rates of syphilis in both males and females showed an increasing trend（χ²_trend=14.576, 43.492, both P<0.01）, but the average annual growth rate of females was higher than that in males. The proportion of reported syphilis cases in the age group of ≥60 years old was the highest among the total number of cases（60.58%）. The occupations of most patients were farmers, unemployed household workers and retirees. Conclusions The situation of syphilis prevention and control in Pingchang County, Bazhong City from 2016 to 2021 is still not optimistic, and the task of prevention and control is arduous. It is necessary to increase intervention efforts and publicity and education work in key areas and populations to effectively control the spread of syphilis.

Analysis on epidemiciological characteristics and change trend of major malignant tumors in digestive system of Baoshan City from 2016 to 2020

LUO Saimei, LI Mingsong, LI Wei, DENG Li, LONG Xintian, XU Xianhui

2024, 40(10): 1361-1364.

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Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of major malignant tumors in the digestive system in Baoshan City, evaluate the effect of prevention and control of digestive system malignant tumors in recent years, and provide basis for further development of prevention and control measures of digestive system malignant tumors. Methods The cause of death monitoring data of the whole population in Baoshan City from 2016 to 2020 is used to analyze the death situation and change trend of major malignant tumors in the digestive system in Baoshan City. Results From 2016 to 2020, the crude mortality and standardized mortality of malignant tumors in Baoshan City were 71.22/10⁵-80.32/10⁵, 64.96/10⁵-79.67/10⁵, respectively. The crude mortality and standardized mortality of male malignant tumors were 87.79/10⁵-98.07/10⁵, 84.50/10⁵-101.76/10⁵, respectively. The crude mortality and standardized mortality of female malignant tumors were 51.08/10⁵-63.27/10⁵, 44.10/10⁵-61.26/10⁵, respectively. The decline rate of women was higher than that of men[annual percentage change（APC）=-5.24%, -7.99% and -2.01%, -4.67%]. The crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rate of liver cancer and gastric cancer showed a general downward trend. The crude mortality rate decreased from 13.21/10⁵ and 9.76/10⁵ in 2016 to 10.65/10⁵ and 6.84/10⁵ in 2020, respectively. The overall downward trend of women was higher than that of men（APC=-10.12%, -8.97% and -3.80%, -8.39%）. The standardized mortality rate decreased from 13.24/10⁵ and 9.55/10⁵ in 2016 to 9.68/10⁵ and 6.18/10⁵ in 2020, the overall downward trend of women was higher than that of men（APC=-12.38%, -11.18% and -6.60%, -10.59%）. The crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rate of colorectal cancer showed a general downward trend. The crude mortality rate decreased from 7.36/10⁵ in 2016 to 6.43/10⁵ in 2020, the overall downward trend of men was higher than that of women（APC=-4.62%, -3.51%）. The standardized mortality rate decreased from 7.14/10⁵ in 2016 to 5.74/10⁵ in 2020, the overall downward trend of men was higher than that of women（APC=-7.04%, -5.33%）. Conclusion From 2016 to 2020, the crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rate of major malignant tumors in the digestive system in Baoshan City shows a general downward trend, and the decline rate of women is higher than that of men. In the future, the prevention and treatment work should focus on colorectal cancer, and strengthen the liver cancer and gastric cancer prevention and treatment work for men.

Investigation on heavy metal pollution in farmland soil of Shaanxi Province in 2022

SUN Qian, LEI Peiyu, JIA Ru, HUI Xiaofen, ZHENG Jingli

2024, 40(10): 1365-1369.

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Objective To understand the situation of heavy metal pollution of farmland soil in 3 major geographical regions of Shaanxi Province in 2022,and provide a basis for relevant departments to formulate policies and measures. Methods From July to August 2022,a sample of soil at a depth of 5-20 cm was randomly collected from 600 survey villages in Shaanxi Province,and the contents of lead,cadmium,chromium,hydrargyrum and arsenic were tested. The data were statistically analyzed and evaluated according to the distribution in the Guanzhong Plain,Qinba Mountain Area,and Shaanbei Plateau Areas. Results The overall compliance rate of heavy metals in 600 soil samples from Shaanxi Province in 2022 was 88.83%. The overall compliance rates in the Shaanbei Plateau（95.83%） and the Guanzhong Plain（95.00%） were higher than that in the Qinba Mountains（79.17%）（P<0.01）. The lead compliance rate of soil samples in Shaanxi Province was 99.83%,with one sample exceeding the standard coming from the Shaanbei Plateau. The cadmium compliance rate was 89.67%,the compliance rates in the Guanzhong Plain and Shaanbei Plateau were higher than those in the Qinba Mountain Area,and there was one high-risk soil sample in the Qinba Mountain Area. The compliance rates of chromium and arsenic were both 99.67%,and the exceeding samples were all from the Qinba Mountain Area（2 samples of chromium and arsenic each）. The hydrargyrum compliance rate was 100.00%. Conclusion In 2022,there is no hydrargyrum pollution in farmland soil in Shaanxi Province,with relatively light levels of lead,chromium,and arsenic pollution and more severe cadmium pollution. The pollution level in the Qinba Mountain Area is relatively severe,especially cadmium,which is significantly higher than that in the Guanzhong Plain and the Shaanbei Plateau.

Air quality and forecast in Changji City from 2018 to 2022

Mulati Ainiwaer, XU Tao, Xiaokaiti Yibulayin

2024, 40(10): 1370-1375.

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Objective To analyze the air quality in Changji City from 2018 to 2022,and provide important data support and decision-making basis for environmental protection,public health,urban planning and international cooperation. Methods The data of atmospheric pollutants in Changji City from 2018 to 2022 were collected,the atmospheric environment in the region was analyzed,and the seasonal differential auto-regressive integrated moving average model was used to predict the concentration trend of major atmospheric pollutants in 2023. Results PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 were the main air pollutants in Changji City from 2018 to 2022,and the pollution of other pollutants was not obvious. The six conventional pollutants had seasonality,with PM₁₀,PM_2.5,SO₂,NO₂,and CO concentrations reaching their highest in winter,while O₃ had the opposite trend,with the highest concentration in summer. The air quality index（AQI） had the highest value in 2022 and the lowest value in 2018,and predicted data showed that PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentrations would continue to decrease in 2023. Conclusions The air quality in Changji City is gradually improving. The predicted data shows that,compared to 2022,the concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 in Changji City will decrease in 2023. However,the pollution situation is more pronounced in winter and continuous prevention and control measures need to be taken.

Analysis on impact of innovative self-efficacy and organizational support on innovation ability of nursing undergraduate students

LI Lu, WANG Limei, LUO Qian, YU Peng, ZHANG Chongni

2024, 40(10): 1376-1380.

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Objective To investigate the current situation of innovation ability of nursing undergraduates,and analyze the impact of innovative self-efficacy,innovative atmosphere in universities and social support on innovative ability. Methods From September to December 2022,292 full-time nursing students from 4 universities in Jiangxi and Hubei Province were investigated using the general information questionnaire,the innovation ability questionnaire for college students,the innovation self efficacy scale for college students,the innovation atmosphere scale for colleges and universities and the youth social support scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of innovation ability of undergraduate nursing students was （53.96±8.57）points,the score of innovative self-efficacy was （28.16±5.44）points,the score of innovative atmosphere in universities was （40.86±5.22）points,and the score of social support was （71.33±12.99）points. The total score of innovation ability was positively correlated with the total score of innovative self-efficacy（r=0.656,P<0.01）,positively correlated with the total score and various dimensions of university innovative atmosphere（r=0.153-0.443,all P<0.01）,and positively correlated with the total score and various dimensions of social support（r=0.531-0.588,all P<0.01）. Regression analysis showed that whether to serve as a class leader,innovative self-efficacy,innovative atmosphere in universities,and social support could explain 53.3% of the variation in innovation ability of nursing undergraduates. Conclusion Innovative self-efficacy,innovative atmosphere in universities,and social support have a significant impact on the innovation ability of nursing undergraduates. It is recommended that nursing undergraduates actively strengthen their innovative self-efficacy,and universities create a good innovative atmosphere for nursing undergraduates. At the social level,further increase policy support for innovative education in nursing majors in universities,and strengthen nursing innovation promotion throughout society,in order to form an individual-school-society triple linkage nursing innovation talent training model and promote the development of nursing discipline and education.

Analysis on current situation and influencing factors of body image among nursing interns

CHEN Qi, TANG Shiming, ZHANG Lin, DING Shengnan, WANG Yan

2024, 40(10): 1381-1385.

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Objective To investigate the status of body image of nursing interns and analyze its influencing factors,in order to provide reference for school and clinical educators to take intervention measures to improve the body image of nursing interns. Methods December 2022 to March 2023,convenience sampling was used to select 563 nursing interns in the clinical practice stage of four higher education institutions in Zhejiang Province,Hubei Province,Henan Province,and Beijing City for a questionnaire survey. Results The total score of body image and sleep quality among 563 nursing interns was （29.53±7.31） and （6.70±3.12）points. There were statistically significant differences in the body image scores of nursing interns with different body mass index,whether they liked nursing major,reasons for choosing nursing majors,frequency of night shifts,whether they had alopecia disorder,timely dining,fast food and take-out,exercise status,and sleep quality（all P<0.05）. The results of multiple linear regression showed that body mass index,whether they liked nursing major,night shift frequency,whether they had alopecia disorder,exercise status and sleep quality entered the regression equation（all P<0.01）,explaining 24.0% of the total variation. Conclusion The body image of nursing interns is at moderate level,and school and clinical educators should actively carry out evaluation and targeted interventions to guide nursing interns to form positive body image.

Mediating effect of learning attitude on professional identity and learning burnout in medical students

LI Guirui, ZHANG Xueqin, MA Xinyan, PU Yanmin

2024, 40(10): 1386-1389.

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Objective To explore the impact of professional identity among medical students on learning burnout,the mediating effect of learning attitude,and the moderating effect of gender. Methods In May 2022,the convenience sampling method was used to select 440 medical students from three medical schools in Guangdong Province as the survey subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the medical student professional identity scale,learning attitude scale and learning burnout scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The average score of professional identity,learning attitude and learning burnout among medical students was （125.95±20.37）,（83.35±15.39） and （56.37±11.25）points,respectively. The professional identity and learning attitude of medical students were negatively correlated with learning burnout（r=-0.68,-0.80,both P<0.01）,and the professional identity was positively correlated with learning attitude（r=0.67,P<0.01）. The mediation effect test showed that the learning attitude of medical students partially mediates the relationship between occupational identity and learning burnout,with a mediation effect value of -0.23,accounting for 62.16% of the total effect,and a 95%CI of -0.28--0.19. The test of moderating effect showed that the moderating effect of gender between professional identity and learning attitude was significant（β=0.11,P<0.01）,and the moderated mediation model was established. Conclusion There is a negative correlation between occupational identity and learning burnout among medical students,and learning attitude plays a partial mediating role. As the main force of the future medical career,medical students should consolidate their professional quality,enhance their recognition of their own profession,maintain a positive learning attitude to reduce the degree of learning burnout. Medical schools should adjust teaching strategies based on the characteristics of different students to stimulate their interest in learning and reduce their level of learning burnout.

Systematic evaluation of psychological status of Chinese surface ship troops based on SCL-90

XIAO Chulan, TAN Kun, LUO Haolin, LI Junhui, CHANG Yunli

2024, 40(10): 1390-1396.

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Objective Based on the results of symptom checklist 90（SCL-90）,the mental health status and development trends of Chinese surface ship troops were explored,so as to provide reference for future investigation and research on SCL-90 mental health assessment of surface ship troops. Methods The Review Manager 5.3 software was used to organize,analyze and systematically evaluate the investigation and research on SCL-90 related to Chinese surface ship officers and soldiers in databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,VIP,and Wanfang since their establishment. Results A total of 46 literatures and 68 groups were included,with a total of 16 107 officers and soldiers from surface ship forces. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared to the 2016 SCL-90 military norm,the combined effect size[MD（95%CI）] of the somatization factor in surface ship officers and soldiers was 0.14（0.09-0.18）,forcing factor was 0.13（0.07-0.18）,interpersonal sensitivity factor was 0.18 （0.12-0.24）,depression factor was 0.16（0.10-0.21）,anxiety factor was 0.12（0.07-0.16）,hostility factor was 0.15（0.11-0.19）,terror factor was 0.07（0.03-0.11）,paranoia factor was 0.17（0.12-0.23）,and psychosis factor was 0.10（0.06-0.14）（all P<0.01）. At the same time,the subgroup analysis results of each outcome index in different years showed that the d value of the 1991-2000 subgroup was the highest,followed by the 2001-2010 subgroup,while there was no significant difference between the 2011-2020 subgroup and the 2016 SCL-90 military norm. Conclusion Based on the SCL-90 results,the overall mental health status of officers and soldiers in surface ship forces was significantly lower than the 2016 SCL-90 military norm. As the survey years increased year by year,the SCL-90 score gradually declined,and there was no statistically significant difference between them and the 2016 SCL-90 military norm between 2011 and 2020. The mental health level of officers and soldiers in surface ship forces was improving year by year.

Visual analysis of occupational health indicators related research based on CiteSpace

ZHOU Xiaoling, WU Jing, YAN Yuzhong, LIU Ying, LI Ming

2024, 40(10): 1397-1402.

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Objective To analyze the characteristics,research trends and current status of research literature related to occupational health indicators from 2012 to 2022 based on CiteSpace software,and provides a certain reference for establishing a comprehensive occupational health assessment model and system related research. Methods Retrieve the literature related to the occupational health indicators in the core database of Web of Science,using the Web of Science "Citation Report Creation Tool" and the bibliometric visualization software CiteSpace 6.2.R2,the literature was statistically analyzed from the aspects of publication time,literature type,country/region,research direction,publishing institution,etc. Author cooperation map,institution cooperation map,keyword co-occurrence and keyword emergence map were drawn. Results A total of 5 400 literature from 2012 to 2022 were retrieved. After excluding review papers,conferences,newspapers,books and irrelevant literature,4 300 valid articles were selected according to the unified standard. Among them,the literature from the past three years accounted for 42.53%,the author who published the most papers was KIVIMAKI（28 articles）,the top three institutions in terms of publication volume were University of London（3.30%）,Harvard University（2.56%）,and French research university（2.26%）,the top three countries in terms of publication volume were the United States（22.35%）,the United Kingdom（8.56%）,and China（7.93%）. Research hotspots on occupational health indicators include mental health,occupational exposure,occupational stress/tension,physical activity,quality of life,and body mass index. Conclusion Future research on occupational health indicators will focus on occupational stress,public health,occupational exposure,metabolic disorders,health management,and other aspects.

Visual analysis of research hotspots for cancer survivors returning to work in the past decade

WU Xianqun, LUO Caifeng, ZHANG Xuting, LYU Fei, WEI Lanzhi, WANG Min

2024, 40(10): 1403-1408.

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Objective Through the literature analysis of the research status and hotspots of cancer survivors returning to work in the past ten years,to provide reference and ideas for related research in China. Methods A systematic search was conducted for the relevant literature on cancer survivors returning to work from 2012 to 2022 in the core collection of the Web of Science（WOS） database,and CiteSpace 5.8.R3 software was used for visual analysis. Results A total of 741 articles were included. The annual foreign publication volume was on the rise as a whole. Developed countries such as the United States,the Netherlands,and Canada and their institutions had more research results in this field. High-frequency keywords included quality of life,employment,breast cancer,etc. Burst term included meta-analysis,association,etc. The research hotspots mainly focused on the quality of life,psychological distress,supportive needs and multidisciplinary cooperation intervention in returning to work. Conclusions From 2012 to 2022,the field of cancer survivors returning to work has attracted international attention. The implementation of multidisciplinary cooperation in care planning is the latest research trend in this field. Domestic researchers can learn from foreign research hotspots and frontiers to lay a foundation for domestic research.

Analysis on status of new occupational diseases cases in Xuzhou City from 2009 to 2022

ZHANG Wei, HAN Jingling, YAN Tuo

2024, 40(10): 1409-1412.

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Objective To understand the distribution of new occupational disease cases in Xuzhou City,compare the age of onset and the duration exposure to dust among different types of pneumoconiosis,and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases and their early prevention. Methods Collect the newly diagnosed and reported cases of occupational diseases from 2009 to 2022 in the surveillance information system of occupational diseases and health hazards,and conduct descriptive analysis on the incidence of occupational diseases. Results A total of 1 265 new cases of occupational diseases were reported in Xuzhou City,including 1 126 cases of pneumoconiosis（89.01%）,36 cases of occupational ophthalmopathy（2.85%） and 35 cases of occupational otorhinolaryngological and oral diseases（2.77%）. The industry category of the enterprises to which the cases belong was mainly mining industry（67.11%）. There were a total of 1 126 cases of 12 kinds of new diagnosed pneumoconiosis,among which coal worker’s pneumoconiosis and silicosis were the main types（95.12%）. With the increase of the age of onset and the duration exposure to dust,the overall number of new cases of pneumoconiosis was on the rise. The age group of 50-<60 years old had the highest number of new cases（363 cases,32.38%）,while the age group of 20-<30 years of the duration exposure to dust had the highest number of cases（374 cases,33.36%）. The onset age of newly diagnosed cases of pneumoconiosis[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）] was 55.67（49.61,68.10）years old,and the working experience of dust exposure[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）] was 24.00（11.88,30.25） years. Among them,the age of onset of silicosis was the oldest at 59.32（51.93,65.99）years,and the working years of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis was the longest at 27.08（20.00,31.00）years. There were statistically significant differences in the incidence age and working years exposure to dust among coal worker's pneumoconiosis,silicosis and welder pneumoconiosis（all P<0.01）. There were 10 cases of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis and 87 cases of silicosis among the pneumoconiosis patients（mainly railroad soldiers and rock drillers） who exposed to dust less than 5 years. Conclusion The new occupational diseases in Xuzhou City are mainly pneumoconiosis,mainly the coal workers’pneumoconiosis and silicosis. The prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis is still one of the key occupational health work in the city.

Evaluation of the efficiency of health resource allocation and analysis of influencing factors in Xinjiang

ZHAO Yaxing, Maimaiti Yasen, Maierdang Ailimu

2024, 40(10): 1413-1417.

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Objective To understand the regional differences and trends of health resources in Xinjiang,and provide reference for rational planning of health resources in various regions of Xinjiang. Methods The data envelopment analysis DEA model was used to analyze the efficiency of health resources in various regions of Xinjiang from 2018 to 2020,and the tobit regression model was used to explore the factors influencing the comprehensive efficiency of DEA. Results Five regions reached the strong effectiveness of DEA within 3 years,while the comprehensive efficiency values of medical and health institutions in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture and Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture was lower than 0.8,and the comprehensive efficiency values of the remaining 7 regions were all greater than 0.9. Urbanization and population density in eastern Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang had a positive impact on the allocation of medical resources,and also had a positive effect on the natural population growth in southern Xinjiang. Conclusion From 2018 to 2020,the efficiency of medical and health resource allocation in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture and Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture in Xinjiang was relatively low,with proportion of urban population（PUP） and population density（PD） are the main factors affecting the efficiency of health resource allocation.

Research progress on current situation and influencing factors of job burnout of nursing staff in pension institutions

SUN Yue, GAO Yutong, WANG Huijuan, YAO Guiying, ZHU Lili

2024, 40(10): 1418-1421.

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With the accelerating process of population aging in China,the problem of providing for the aged has gradually become the focus of the society. Institutional pension has become one of the main modes of providing for the aged. With the increase in the number of elderly people living in pension institutions,the demand for nursing staff is also increasing. The work pressure of caregivers is also on the rise,resulting in a high incidence of job burnout among caregivers in pension institutions in different regions of China. Job burnout will not only endanger the physical and mental health of old-age caregivers,but also affect the nursing quality of the elderly. This paper summarizes the current situation and influencing factors of job burnout of caregivers in pension institutions at home and abroad,so as to provide a theoretical basis for formulating intervention measures to alleviate job burnout of caregivers in pension institutions,prevent or reduce the occurrence of job burnout and promote the development of healthy pension undertakings.

Research progress on epidemiological characteristics and incidence prediction of bacillary dysentery

WANG Ting, HE Xiangyan

2024, 40(10): 1422-1425.

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Bacterial dysentery is an intestinal disease caused by Shigella,with its peak onset concentrated in summer and autumn,and it is prone to spread in areas with collective housing,unclean diet,and poor hygiene conditions. In view of the epidemiological characteristics of bacillary dysentery,scholars at home and abroad have proposed various models for predicting the incidence of bacillary dysentery,which have also achieved good results in practice,providing a scientific basis for the monitoring and prevention of bacillary dysentery. This article reviews the research progress on the epidemiological characteristics,influencing factors and disease prediction of bacillary dysentery,laying the foundation for further improving the existing prediction models and exploring more accurate epidemiological characterisation and prediction methods in the future.

Research progress in determination methods of benzene biological monitoring indicators

HE Zongjian, MO Yuming

2024, 40(10): 1426-1429.

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Benzene is a widely used chemical raw material and environmental pollutant,which has carcinogenic and blood toxicity. The acute benzene poisoning can cause symptoms such as paralysis of the central nervous system and even damage to DNA strands. The chronic benzene poisoning can cause leukopenia,bone marrow suppression,neurasthenia syndrome,and in severe cases,aplastic anemia and leukemia. The metabolites of benzene in urine,trans,trans-muconic acid and phenylmercaptouric acid,are biological monitoring indicators of benzene,and there are various methods for their determination. The paper reviews the research progress in the determination of trans,trans-muconic acid and phenylmercaptouric acid in urine at home and abroad in recent years,compares the advantages and disadvantages of different methods,and prospects the development prospects of the determination methods.

Current status of research and application of meningococcal vaccine at home and abroad

GAO Ping, LIU Hualei, ZANG Zhaohui

2024, 40(10): 1430-1434.

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With the use of meningococcal vaccines,the incidence rate of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis has shown a downward trend. At present,in national immunization program,the vaccination procedures for children are mainly group A meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine and group A and group C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Other meningococcal vaccines on the market in China are mostly group A and group C meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine and group a,c,y and w meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine（ACYW）. However,in the United States and some European countries,group ACYW meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine has been included in immunization programs for a long time. In 2021,the first quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine in China was launched, making new progress in the research and development of high quality meningococcal vaccines in China. Overall,the development of meningococcal vaccine still has problems such as imperfect immunization procedures and lack of group B meningococcal vaccine. Therefore,this article aims to provide a reference for future development and vaccination of meningococcal vaccines by reviewing the current status and vaccination procedures of meningococcal vaccines both domestically and internationally.

Research on the improvement of contingency plans for biosafety laboratory accidents in China based on international experience

ZHANG Yuhang, LU Yaoqin, Yakupu Abodurezhake, WANG Yue, JU Keke, YU Jing

2024, 40(10): 1435-1440.

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By analyzing biosafety laboratory accidents in various countries, this paper summarizes the advantages and experience of international biosafety laboratory emergency response plans according to the current state of biosafety laboratory accidents emergency response plans in China. On this basis, improvement suggestions were proposed, including optimizing the emergency response system structure, strengthening laboratory personnel training and emergency response capability, and enhancing information exchange and risk communication. The aim is to improve the emergency response capability of biosafety laboratories in China, ensure the safety of people's lives and social stability, and provide reference for further strengthening laboratory emergency plans.

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