OCCUPATION AND HEALTH

Application of four semi-quantitative risk assessment methods in occupational health risk assessment of cement dust operation posts

WANG Yun, TIAN Ping, ZHANG Li, XU Yilei, PENG Zhongquan

2024, 40(9): 1153-1157.

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Objective To explore the advantages and disadvantages of four semi-quantitative risk assessment methods in occupational health risk assessment of cement dust operation posts. Method Combining on-site occupational health investigation and detecting data,the likelihood exposure consequence（LEC） method,Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment method,occupational hazards risk assessment index method and comprehensive index method in GBZ/T 298-2017 "Guidelines for occupational health risk assessment of chemicals in the workplace" were applied to assess the occupational health risk of cement dust operation posts in five enterprises. The assessment results were analyzed and compared after standardizing by risk ratio（RR）. Results The assessment results of LEC and Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment method had a strong correlation with cement dust occupational exposure ratio（r_s=0.918,0.767,both P<0.01）,and both could identify high risk posts. The assessment results of the two were positively correlated（r_s=0.776,P<0.01）. The assessment results of occupational hazards risk assessment index method mainly were negligible risk,and only two posts with a cement dust occupational exposure ratio greater than 1.8 were evaluated as low-risk posts. The comprehensive index method showed that all occupational health risks in cement dust operation posts were medium risk. Conclusions The assessment results of LEC and Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment method are relatively consistent,which can reflect the risk level of the cement dust exposed post even better. The assessment results of occupational hazards risk assessment index method are too conservative,and the comprehensive index method are unable to distinguish the risk differences among different posts. The applicability of the two methods in occupational health risk assessment of cement dust still needs further research.

Study on food safety risk evaluation of meat products based on multi-source data

LIU Qiqi, CHEN Kuncai, XU Jinglin, HUANG Deyan, YU Wei, ZHANG Weiwei

2024, 40(9): 1158-1166.

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Objective To construct a food safety risk evaluation model to evaluate the food safety risk of meat products in Guangzhou based on several data sources,including food safety risk surveillance data in Guangzhou City in 2020,regular and irregular food sampling data from the Bureau of Market Supervision and Inspection,and mined internet opinion data. Methods The indicators were screened using correlation analysis and discriminant analysis,and the weights of each indicator were determined by a combination of hierarchical analysis and entropy method. On this basis,a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was employed to make a final assessment for the food safety of meat products in Guangzhou City in 2020. Results In 2020,among 55 meat product samples monitored by the Guangzhou food safety risk surveillance,the detection rate of sodium pentachlorophenol was 43.64%,but the food safety index of agricultural and veterinary drug residues and the target hazard quotient of heavy metals were both less than 1. In the samples from the Guangdong Provincial Market Supervision Administration,the unqualified rate of meat products was 1.85%. Based on monitoring,supervision,and public opinion data,the food safety risk index of meat products in Guangzhou City in 2020 was 0.247,which was at a high risk level. Conclusion The multi-source data-based food safety risk evaluation system constructed in our study will not only solve the current problem of data non-circulation among food safety departments,but also evaluate food safety from multiple dimensions,thus improve the efficiency of food safety risk assessment and provide a scientific decision basis for the identification and targeting of potential food safety risks.

Reliability and validity of online social support scale in middle-aged and older adults

WANG Leiping, ZHAO Yilin, ZHANG Zhen

2024, 40(9): 1167-1172.

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Objective To test the reliability and validity,applicability of online social support scale in middle-aged and older adults. Methods Totally 896 middle-aged and older adults were tested by online social support scale,social media use scale and 24 items psychological well-being scale through the questionnaire star from March to May 2022,and the data were analyzed. Results The scale was proved to have good discrimination. The four-factor model obtained by exploratory factor analysis could explain 68.28% of the total variation,while the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor model of the revised scale had a good fit[Chi-square/degrees of freedom（χ²/df）=2.81,comparative fit index（CFI）=0.94,Tucker-Lewis index（TLI）=0.93,standardized root mean square residual（SRMR）=0.06,root-mean-square error of approximation（RMSEA）=0.06]. The criterion correlation validity was good,r=0.65,P<0.01. The Cronbach's α coefficient of this scale was 0.92,and the retest reliability after two weeks among 91 people was 0.83. The scale was equivalent across gender and age. The application of the revised scale also showed that there were statistically significant differences in online social support among middle-aged and older adults with demographic variables such as gender,age and health status,and it was significantly correlated with the indicators of psychological well-being. Conclusion The online social support scale has good reliability,validity and applicability in middle-aged and older adults.

Mediating effects of self-efficacy and psychological contract on association between occupational stress and burnout in female nurses

CHEN Kaixia, GAO Xiaolian

2024, 40(9): 1173-1177.

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Objective To explore the mediating effect between occupational stress and burnout in female nurses,so as to provide evidence for the intervention of occupational burnout. Methods From October 2020 to March 2022,convenience sampling and snowball method were used to select 922 female nurses from five tertiary general hospitals in Wuhan as the research objects. The Copenhagen burnout inventory（CBI）,the effort-reward imbalance（ERI）,the general self-efficacy scale（GSES） and the psychological contract scale were used for questionnaire survey and data analysis. Results A total of 922 subjects were included in the study. The score of job burnout was （57.23±12.34）points,and 36.30% of female nurses had high job burnout. The score of self-efficacy was （27.60±3.77）points,the score of psychological contract was （57.19±12.44）points,and the score of effort-reward imbalance was （1.11±3.24）points. Correlation analysis showed that job burnout was negatively correlated with self-efficacy and psychological contract（r=-0.355,-0.283,both P<0.01）,and positively correlated with effort-reward imbalance（r=0.085,P<0.01）. Path analysis showed that effort-reward imbalance could not only positively and directly predict job burnout,but also negatively predict job burnout through parallel mediation. The mediating effect included two paths：the mediating effect of effort-reward imbalance,self-efficacy and job burnout[β=0.79（95%CI：0.28-1.29,all P<0.01）,the proportion of effect=0.062],and the mediating effect of effort-reward imbalance-psychological contract-job burnout[β=2.01（95%CI：1.30-2.72,all P<0.01）,the proportion of effect=0.159]. Conclusions Female nurses in five comprehensive hospitals in Wuhan have serious job burnout. Self-efficacy and psychological contract play a partial mediating role between effort-reward imbalance and job burnout. The self-efficacy and psychological contract of female nurses should be improved to reduce the occurrence of job burnout.

Analysis on trend of incidence and influencing factors of disease burden in patients with pneumoconiosis in Chongqing City from 2013-2022

WANG Ting, WANG Xiaoxi, QIU Cuijuan, ZHANG Huadong

2024, 40(9): 1178-1183.

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Objective To understand the morbidity trend of pneumoconiosis patients in Chongqing City and the current situation and influencing factors of the disease burden,and make recommendations to reduce the disease burden. Methods The number of pneumoconiosis cases from 2013 to 2022 was obtained through the "Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Surveillance Information System". The data on age,smoking,pneumoconiosis stage,disability level,complications and disease costs of 1 178 pneumoconiosis patients were obtained through the Chongqing pneumoconiosis disease burden survey project,and the data were analyzed. Results The overall trend of new pneumoconiosis in Chongqing City decreased year by year from 2013 to 2022. The average age of 1 178 pneumoconiosis patients was （56.9±8.05）years old,the median direct financial burden[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）] was 167.75（541.90, 5 263.31）yuan,the median indirect financial burden[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）] was 112 790.19（60 641.38,225 317.69）yuan,and the total person-years of disability adjusted life years（DALYs） was 8 892.03 years. DALYs were significantly higher in the 33-<50 year-old age group than in other age groups（P<0.05）. DALYs were significantly higher in Chengkou County than in the other two regions（P<0.05）. The lower the disability level,the higher the median DALYs（P<0.05）. DALYs were higher in patients with comorbidities than in those without comorbidities（P<0.05）. The age,pneumoconiosis stage,presence of comorbidities and disability grade were factors influencing the disease burden of pneumoconiosis. Conclusion The disease burden of pneumoconiosis in Chongqing is serious,and comprehensive measures should be taken to improve the current situation by strengthening dust hazard management,increasing pneumoconiosis pulmonary rehabilitation publicity and education,vigorously promoting the construction of rehabilitation stations,and adopting personalized rehabilitation measures.

Impact of challenge hindrance stress and work family conflict on occupational stress of ophthalmic nurses

HUANG Zhengjiao

2024, 40(9): 1184-1189.

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Objective To explore the impact of challenge hindrance stress and work family conflict on occupational stress of ophthalmic nurses. Methods The convenient sampling method was adopted. A total of 220 nurses in ophthalmology department from 12 general hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from April to June 2022 were selected as the survey objects. The general situation questionnaire,challenge hindrance stress scale,work family conflict scale and occupational stress scale were used to investigate and the data were analyzed. Results The score of challenging work stress of ophthalmic nurses was （22.36±5.62） points,the score of obstructive work stress was （14.65±4.74）points,the score of work family conflict was （56.22±12.28）points,the score of occupational stress was （364.95 ±72.47）points. There were significant differences in the scores of challenge stress,obstructive stress,work family conflict and occupational stress among ophthalmic nurse of different ages,working years,professional titles and monthly night shifts（all P<0.05）. The scores of ophthalmic nurses with different marital status,monthly income,staffing status and number of children on obstructive stress and work family conflict were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. The scores of ophthalmic nurses with different educational background on challenging stress and obstructive stress were statistically significant（both P<0.05）. The scores of challenge stress among ophthalmic nurses with different gender,marital status and monthly income were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. The challenging work stress score of ophthalmic nurses was negatively correlated with occupational stress score（r=-0.568,P<0.01）,while the obstructive work stress score and work family conflict score were positively correlated with occupational stress score（r=0.602,0.571,both P<0.01）. The score of work family conflict among ophthalmic nurses was negatively correlated with the score of challenging work stress（r=-0.528,P<0.01）,and positively correlated with the score of obstructive work stress（r=0.542,P<0.01）. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that challenge stress,obstructive stress and work family conflict could jointly explain 30.60% of the variation of occupational stress among ophthalmic nurses. Conclusion Ophthalmic nurses in 12 general hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture have a high degree of occupational stress. Challenging stress,obstructive stress and work family conflict are closely related to occupational stress. Reducing the levels of obstructive stress and work family conflict among ophthalmic nurses,as well as increasing the level of challenging stress will help to reduce their occupational stress.

Determination of chlorate and perchlorate in vegetables by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

HUANG Shunli, FAN Qing, HONG Yi

2024, 40(9): 1190-1194.

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Objective To develop a method for the determination of chlorate and perchlorate in vegetables by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（UPLC-MS-MS）. Methods The sample was extracted by ultrapure water+acetonitrile（1+2,v/v） vortex ultrasonic extraction. After high-speed centrifugation,the supernatant was purified by MCX solid phase extraction column,filterated by 0.22 μm hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane,determined by UPLC-MS-MS and quantified by internal standard method. The chromatographic column was Waters Torus^TM DEA Column 130A 1.7 μm 2.1 mm×100 mm,the mobile phase was 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution-acetonitrile,and the gradient elution was carried out for 6 min. The mass spectrometry analysis adopted the electrospray ion source（negative ion scanning） mode and the multi reaction monitoring（MRM） mode. Results The linear range of chlorate was 1.0-100.0 ng/mL,the linear range of perchlorate was 0.5-50.0 ng/mL,and the correlation coefficients（r） were >0.999. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation for chlorate was 1.0 μg/kg and 3.0 μg/kg respectively. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation for perchlorate was 0.1 μg/kg and 0.3 μg/kg respectively. Under the three concentrations of high,medium and low,the recoveries ranged from 95.6% to 102.0%,and the relative standard deviations（RSD） ranged from 2.1% to 5.8%. Conclusions The study adopts 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution-acetonitrile as the mobile phase and gradient elution mode,all target substances are separated within 6 minutes,with high response and good linearity. The method is simple,accurate and suitable for the determination of chlorate and perchlorate in vegetables.

Analysis on tuberculosis epidemic characteristics in Pudong New Area of Shanghai City from 2010-2022 based on Joinpoint Jump model

CHEN Lili, LI Peng, CAI Fengzhu, LI Shihong, ZHAO Qi, XIAO Shaotan

2024, 40(9): 1195-1200.

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Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis in Pudong New Area of Shanghai City from 2010-2022,and improve prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods The registration report information of pulmonary tuberculosis in Pudong New Area of Shanghai City from January 1,2010 to December 31,2022 was collected through the subsystem "tuberculosis information management system" of "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System",and the Joinpoint Jump Model was used to analyze the changing trend. Results There were 19 652 registered tuberculosis in Pudong New Area of Shanghai City from 2010-2022. With an average annual decline of 2.89%,the registered incidence decreased from 31.77/100 000 to 16.24/100 000. The number of registered patients ranged from 1 410 to 1 708 in 2010-2021,while the number was only 938 in 2022. Compared with 2021,the registered incidence decreased by 34.06% in 2022. The registered incidence rate of pathogenic positive tuberculosis decreased by 20.30% annually from 2019-2022. The registered incidence of male was higher than that of female,and the average annual decrease of male and female was 3.19% and 2.26% respectively. The patients aged 15-<30 years old took the most part of all the patients,but the proportion decreased by an average of 3.83% annually. The registered incidence of tuberculosis in the local registered residence and non local registered residence population decreased by 2.69% and 2.60% respectively,and the incidence of registered population in the central urban area decreased by 3.89% annually. The differences in all the above trends were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The registered incidence of tuberculosis in decreased year by year from 2010-2022 in Pudong New Area of Shanghai City,and the number of registered patients and incidence rate dropped significantly in 2022,which showed a lag effect. With increasing numbers of undiagnosed and untreated patients,the risk of community transmission of infection may increase,the tuberculosis prevention and control strategies should be actively reformed and improved according to the situation in the post-public health emergency era.

Analysis on status quo and influencing factors of job crafting among junior nurses in grade-A tertiary of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

DUAN Siyu, WANG Beibei, HOU Ming, WANG Liping, LI Ping

2024, 40(9): 1201-1204.

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Objective To investigate the current situation of job crafting among junior nurses and analyze its influencing factors,in order to provide reference for promoting job crafting among junior nurses. Methods From January to March 2023,a survey was conducted on 431 junior nurses from three grade-A tertiary comprehensive hospitals in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region using the general questionnaire,job crafting scale,organizational support scale,and proactive personality scale. Results The total score of job crafting for junior nurses was （74.34±11.76）points. The job crafting was positively correlated with organizational support and proactive personality（r=0.572,0.580,both P<0.05）. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that educational background,employment nature,self-evaluation of job satisfaction,organizational support,and proactive personality were the influencing factors for job crafting of junior nurses（all P<0.05）. Conclusions The overall job crafting of junior nurses is at a moderate level,and is influenced by various factors. The managers should continue to pay attention to job crafting level of junior nurses,and actively provide support and carry out corresponding training to promote their job crafting behavior,so as to stabilize and develop the nursing team.

Investigation on chronic disease prevention and control literacy level among occupational population in a functional community in Jiading District of Shanghai City

HU Lijuan, XUE Junlei, GONG Juhua, LIU Feng, XIAO Qiwang, WANG Bangxuan

2024, 40(9): 1205-1209.

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Objective To analyze the chronic disease prevention and control literacy level among occupational population in a functional community in Jiading District of Shanghai City,provide data basis for health education and health promotion in the future. Methods The cluster random sampling was used to select a functional community of an industrial park in Jiading District of Shanghai City from September to October 2022,the questionnaire survey was conducted among the employees meeting the inclusion criteria,and the data were analyzed. Results A total of 564 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective recovery rate of 93.22%. The chronic disease prevention and control literacy level among occupational population was 8.33%. The smoking rate,drinking rate and regular exercise rate were higher in males than in females,and those in physical activity positions were higher than those in sedentary positions,and all showed a downward trend with the increase of educational background（all P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of chronic diseases among workers of different sex,age and education（all P<0.05）. The total prevalence of five chronic diseases was 20.04%. The age,smoking and drunkenness were the important factors affecting chronic diseases in the occupational group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The level of chronic disease prevention and control literacy of the occupational population in the functional community is low,and corresponding measures should be taken to carry out health knowledge education and health risk behavior intervention according to the characteristics of the population.

Analysis on epidemic status of bacillary dysentery in Yuzhong District of Chongqing City from 2005-2021

WANG Yuehui, LI Sijie, ZHANG Ke

2024, 40(9): 1210-1213.

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Objective Through analyzing the epidemic status of bacillary dysentery in Yuzhong District of Chongqing City from 2005-2021,provide scientific basis for future prevention and control. Methods The descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic status of bacillary dysentery in Yuzhong District of Chongqing from 2005-2021,and circular distribution method was used to analyze seasonal characteristics. Results A total of 6 607 cases of bacillary dysentery were reported in Yuzhong District of Chongqing from 2005-2021,the average annual incidence rate was 60.85/100 000,and the incidence rate showed a declining trend. The peak days of the disease were mostly during July to August,and the peak period was mostly during April to November. The gender ratio of male to female was 1.04 ∶ 1,the average incidence rate was 61.95/100 000 in males and 59.74/100 000 in females. It occurred in all age,and the highest incidence was in 0 year-old group（2 034.73/100 000）. The top three occupations in terms of composition ratio were scattered children（34.22%）,retired staff（15.67%）,housework and unemployment（8.31%）,accounting for 58.20% of the total cases. The top three streets with the highest annual incidence rate were Qixinggang（132.28/100 000）,Lianglukou（125.30/100 000）,and Shangqingsi（125.30/100 000）. Conclusions The incidence of bacterial dysentery in Yuzhong District of Chongqing City has been decreasing in recent years. The prevention and control of bacterial dysentery in key streets and populations should be strengthened,especially in April to November. In addition to maintaining the prevention and control of low age group such as scattered children,it is important to strengthen the publicity of prevention and control of bacterial dysentery in the elderly such as retired people.

Analysis on occupational well-being status and influencing factors of nursing staff in Jinshan District of Shanghai City

ZHU Yongjia, SHEN Wenjuan, YU Zhaowen, CHEN Chen, PENG Chenglu, CHEN Yindong

2024, 40(9): 1214-1218.

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Objective To investigate the status quo of occupational well-being of nurses in Jinshan District of Shanghai City,analyze its influencing factors,and provide scientific basis for improving the occupational well-being of nurses. Methods Using the cross-sectional survey method,468 nurses in Jinshan District of Shanghai City were selected as the research objects from February to March 2023. The basic information questionnaire and the occupational well-being scale for medical staff were used to conduct the questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The total score of occupational well-being of nurses in Jinshan District of Shanghai City was （81.23±10.34）points,and the average score of each item was （3.38±0.43）points. There was no statistically significant difference in the total score of occupational well-being among nurses in different medical institutions（P>0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the total score of occupational well-being among nurses with different marital status,professional title,income level and working years（all P<0.05）. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that hospital type,marital status,job satisfaction,sleep and working hours,children's status,and night shift frequency were the main factors affecting occupational well-being and its dimensions（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The occupational well-being of nurses in Jinshan District of Shanghai City is at a medium level,suggesting that hospital managers should take targeted intervention measures according to the main influencing factors of occupational well-being to improve the occupational well-being of nurses.

Analysis on mediating effect of organizational climate on work-life quality and job embedding of nurses in infection department

YANG Hui, ZHOU Limei, LYU Rongde, LI Yingying, ZHANG Wenzhen, DING Ping

2024, 40(9): 1219-1224.

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Objective To investigate the mediating effect of organizational climate on work-life quality and job embedding of nurses in the department of infection. Methods A total of 254 nurses in infection department were selected from 21 tertiary general hospitals in Anhui Province from December 2022 to January 2023 by the stratified sampling and convenience sampling methods. The general data questionnaire,work-related quality of life scale,hospital organizational climate questionnaire and nurse job embedding scale were used for the survey. Results The average scores of work-related quality of life,organizational climate and job embedding were （3.44±0.78）,（4.61±1.03） and （3.69±0.75）points,respectively,with significant positive correlation between them（r=0.831-0.893,all P<0.01）. The work-related quality of life positively predicted organizational climate（β=0.883,P<0.01）,and organizational climate positively predicted job embedding（β=0.889,P<0.01）. The direct effect of work-related quality of life on job embedding was not significant（β=0.105,P>0.05）,and it could indirectly affected job embedding by the mediating variable organizational climate（total effect value was 0.890）. Conclusions The organizational climate plays a completely mediating role in the work-related quality of life and job embedding of infectious disease nurses. It is suggested that the nursing managers develop intervention measures to improve the work-related quality of life and organizational climate of nurses,thereby enhancing their level of job embedding.

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis in Wuzhou City from 2004-2022

GAN Wuming, QIN Minlan, PAN Yanlan, TANG Bihua

2024, 40(9): 1225-1229.

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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis in Wuzhou City from 2004-2022,provide scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and treatment strategies for viral hepatitis. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic data of viral hepatitis in Wuzhou City from 2004-2022. Results From 2004-2022,a total of 89 609 cases of viral hepatitis were reported in Wuzhou City. The average annual reported incidence rate was 158.20/100 000,and the mortality rate was 0.12/100 000. There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of viral hepatitis among different years（χ²=7 193.41,P<0.01）. The main report disease was hepatitis B,followed by hepatitis C. The disease occurred throughout the year,but there was no obvious onset season and peak. The ratio of male to female was 2.08 ∶ 1,the incidence of male was significantly higher than that of female,and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=310.00,P<0.01）. The age of onset was concentrated in the 20-60 age group,accounting for 84.36% of the total number of cases. The farmers were the high incidence occupation,accounting for 67.36%,followed by housekeeping,housework and unemployment,accounting for 6.74%. Conclusions The epidemic situation of viral hepatitis in Wuzhou City from 2004-2022 showed an overall upward trend. In the future,it is still necessary to focus on the prevention and control of hepatitis B,and improve the prevention immunization planning. At the same time,it is necessary to strengthen the training of diagnostic specifications among medical staff in medical institutions,improve the diagnostic coincidence rate,reduce the occurrence of misreporting,increase the promotion of hepatitis A and hepatitis E vaccination in key populations,and increase publicity and education.

Analysis on correlation between professional life quality and professional respect,professional identity,organizational commitment among nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City

SHI Qiming, ZHANG Yajun

2024, 40(9): 1230-1234.

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Objective To understand the current situation of the professional quality of life of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City,explore its correlation with professional respect,professional identity,and organizational commitment,and provide reference for constructing intervention plans to improve the professional quality of life of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City. Methods A questionnaire survey was used to select 390 nurses from three grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City from January to April 2023 as the survey subjects. The general information questionnaire,work-related quality of life（WRQoL）,job-esteem scale for nurses in hospital（JES-HN）,occupational identity scale（OIS） and Chinese employees organizational commitment questionnaire（CEOCQ） were employed for the questionnaire survey,and the data were analyzed. Results The total WRQoL score of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin City was （90.35±28.49）points,which was at a moderate level. The total JES-HN score was （74.21±24.89）points,which was above the average level. The total score of OIS was （88.72±31.21）points,which was above the average level. The total score of CEOCQ was （65.50±17.05）points,which was above the average level. The quality of professional life was positively correlated with professional respect,professional identity,and organizational commitment（r=0.453, 0.355,0.411,all P<0.01）. Conclusions The professional quality of life of nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin is at a moderate level,and there is still room for improvement. It is positively correlated with professional respect,professional identity,and organizational commitment. It is suggested that relevant departments and hospital management should establish and improve the professional life quality and health training system for nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin,enhance nurses' professional respect and identity through multiple channels and levels,strengthen organizational commitment,so as to improve the professional life quality of nurses.

Analysis on electronic health literacy levels and influencing factors among residents in Qiqihar City

LIU Dandan, YANG Yue, YAO Yexiang, YANG Wei, BAI Li

2024, 40(9): 1235-1239.

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Objective To understand the current situation of residents' eHealth literacy level and its influencing factors in Qiqihar,so as to provide reference for improving the residents' e-health literacy level and promoting the coordinated development of "Internet+healthcare" in China. Methods From July 2022 to April 2023,718 residents in Qiqihar City were selected as research subjects by convenience sampling,the eHealth Literacy Scale（eHEALS） was used to investigate the level of e-health literacy among residents,and the general information questionnaire based on the Anderson model was designed to investigate the influencing factors,and the data were analyzed. Results The e-health literacy score of 718 residents in Qiqihar was （25.33±8.19）points,among which,the ability to apply network health information and services was （16.06±5.33）points,the ability to judge was （6.23±2.17）points,and the ability to make decisions was （3.04±1.21）points. The differences in e-health literacy dispositional characteristics,enabling resources,and demand dimensions scores among residents of different age,gender,education level,marital status,attitude towards electronic health information,monthly income,medical insurance type,daily internet usage time,electronic health information search frequency,search channel types,chronic disease prevalence and self-rated health status were statistically significant（all P<0.01）. Gender,educational level,and marital status were the influencing factors of the dispositional characteristics dimensions of residents' electronic health literacy tendencies,monthly income,medical insurance type,average daily online time,frequency of health information search and classification of health information search channels were the influencing factors of the enabling resource dimension,and self-rated health status was the influencing factor of the demand dimension（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The level of e-health literacy among residents in Qiqihar City is still low. It is necessary to strengthen attention and improvement of the level of e-health literacy among residents,starting from multiple dimensions such as population,resources,and needs,and comprehensively improving the level of e-health literacy among Chinese residents.

Analysis on willingness to accept mobile follow-up and its relevant factors among HIV/AIDS patients in Qingpu District of Shanghai City

WANG Pengli, YAO Wenwen, YU Xi, REN Zhihua, ZHOU Hongrang, LI Guifu

2024, 40(9): 1240-1243.

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Objective To understand the willingness of human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients（HIV/AIDS） to receive mobile information follow-up,explore its compliance and related influencing factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for the development of subsequent intervention policies for HIV/AIDS population. Methods A random sampling method was used to select the target population of HIV/AIDS patients registered in the AIDS follow-up information database in Qingpu District of Shanghai City by 2022. The study subjects were selected on the basis of the estimated sample size and using a random number table. The information on demography,equipment status and willingness to accept mobile follow-up were collected. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software for statistical description. Results A total of 340 valid subjects were included in this study,with （42.11±12.23）years old. The score of willingness to accept mobile follow-up was （9.84±3.01）points,with an acceptance rate of 65.63%. The HIV/AIDS patients' willingness to accept mobile follow-up showed positive relationships with the five dimensions,including product factors,subjective norms,perceived ease of use,perceived usefulness and perceived innovativeness（r=0.673-0.794,all P<0.05）. The perceived ease use,product factors,perceived innovativeness,and perceived usefulness were the key influencing factors for HIV/AIDS patients to receive mobile follow-up,which could explain 73.70% of the total variance of willingness. Conclusions The HIV/AIDS patients have a good acceptance of mobile follow-up services. The general demographic characteristics of subjects is not related to the acceptance of mobile follow-up,while the perceived ease of use has a great impact on the acceptance of mHealth interventions for HIV/AIDS patients. Therefore,in future follow-up work,a safe and effective mobile service platform should be designed to improve the efficiency of follow-up according to patient needs.

Predictive research on HIV/AIDS epidemic in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps based on EPP/Spectrum model

MA Lan, YANG Wenwen, MA Xiaoling, XIA Yu, YANG Dongmei, LI Fanka

2024, 40(9): 1244-1250.

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Objective Using the Spectrum/EPP model to estimate the epidemic and developmental trend of AIDS among adults in Xinjiang Corps,aimed to offer valuable reference data and a scientific foundation for the development of AIDS prevention and treatment strategies. Methods Historical data pertaining to AIDS in Xinjiang Corps from 1996 to 2022 were gathered and systematically organized. Utilizing the Spectrum model,the entire population was categorized into eight subpopulations,which were then integrated with demographic data,AIDS prevalence parameters,surveillance data,antiviral treatment records,and prevention of mother-to-child transmission data. This comprehensive approach enabled the estimation and prediction of the AIDS epidemic in Xinjiang Corps. Results By the conclusion of 2022,the cumulative count of surviving individuals（aged ≥15 years） with human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） infection/AIDS in Xinjiang Corps reached 1 547 cases. Among these cases,HIV infections were observed in various populations：37 cases in the drug-addicted population,26 cases in the clandestine prostitute population,114 cases in the prostitute population,190 cases in the gay and lesbian population,25 cases in the blood donation population,86 cases in the infected spouses/sexual partners population,730 cases in the remaining male population,323 cases in the remaining female population,and 16 cases of mother-to-child transmission. Comparison with estimates from the EPP-Spectrum model revealed that the proportion of surviving cases found was remarkably high,reaching 91.43%. However,the Spectrum/EPP model estimation indicated a continuous upward trend in the AIDS epidemic in Xinjiang Corps,with an estimated HIV infection rate of 7/100 000 among the population aged 15 years or older in 2022. Heterosexual transmission remained the primary route of transmission. Upon fitting the R-Spline model to the HIV-positive rates of various subpopulations,it was observed that the HIV-positive rate in the clandestine prostitute population gradually increased and deviated from the median trend. The HIV-positive rate among men who have sex with men（MSM） population exhibited a slow but steady rise. The overall HIV positivity rate among injection drug users initially increased and subsequently declined. While the rate among the client population remained stable,among the paid blood donors showed a downward trend. The HIV positivity rate in the spouse/sexual partner population was higher than that in other subgroups,and the positivity rate transitioned to a smooth curve after a rapid increase. Conclusions According to the Spectrum/EPP model,Xinjiang Corps is projected to remain a low-prevalence area for AIDS. The model highlights that clients of prostitutes,MSM,and spouses/sexual partners will be the key populations requiring attention for AIDS prevention and control in the future. To address this,timely interventions,along with effective publicity and education campaigns,will be implemented for these diverse populations,aiming to enhance early detection of HIV-infected individuals and reduce the incidence rate of AIDS in Xinjiang Corps.

Analysis on knowledge demand and education acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases among undergraduate students in Shaanxi Province

LI Hong, ZHU Tong, CHEN Jiacheng, WANG Maoning, ZHANG Xuefeng, WANG Xiaoli

2024, 40(9): 1251-1255.

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Objective To understand the correct identification,knowledge demand and education acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases（STD） among undergraduate students in Shaanxi Province,and to provide reference for carrying out targeted health education. Methods In October 2022,a random cluster sampling method was used to select undergraduate students in Shaanxi Province as the survey subjects. A survey questionnaire was prepared,and students voluntarily and anonymously filled it out for statistical analysis. Results The correct recognition rate of AIDS was the highest（96.11%）,while genital chlamydial infections was the lowest（29.13%）,and there was a statistically significant difference in correct recognition scores of STD between different grades and places of origin（both P<0.05）. The knowledge demand for STD prevention measures was the highest（41.12%）,20.61% of students believed that acquiring STD knowledge was difficult,regular health education was the most effective way to acquire relevant knowledge（26.90%）. 40.97% of students had a strong willingness to actively acquire knowledge,and 36.92% of students had a high willingness to offer relevant courses in school,and there had statistical differences between different grades（χ²=8.712,H=8.952, both P<0.05）. The proportions of female students who considered the family had higher necessity and importance of gender knowledge education were 61.65% and 64.24%,respectively,which were significantly higher than male students（53.46% and 55.30%）（χ²=3.981,4.831,both P<0.05）. Conclusion Undergraduate students in Shaanxi Province have a low score for correct identification of STD and a strong willingness to acquire relevant knowledge. Schools should focus on regular health education for lower and higher grade students,and expand the types and frequency of STD in health education.

Chain mediating effect of academic self-efficacy and learning adaptability among publicly-funded agricultural students between professional identity and learning burnout

LI Bin, ZHANG Liping, LI Wenjie

2024, 40(9): 1256-1260.

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Objective To understand the impact of professional identity on learning burnout of publicly-funded agricultural students and the mediating role of academic self-efficacy and learning adaptability. Methods In April 2023,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 303 public funded agricultural students from an agricultural university in Shandong Province using the college students' professional identity scale,the academic self-efficacy scale,the college learning adaptation scale and the adolescent student burnout inventory,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of professional identity,academic self-efficacy,learning adaptability and learning burnout among publicly-funded agricultural students were （4.166±0.665）,（3.806±0.549）,（3.821±0.597） and （2.355±0.649）points,respectively. The professional identity and academic self-efficacy of senior students were higher than those of other grades,and the learning adaptability of female students was higher than that of male students（all P<0.05）. There was significant correlation between professional identity,academic self-efficacy,learning adaptability and learning burnout among publicly-funded agricultural students（r=-0.451--0.759,0.513-0.723,all P<0.01）. Academic self-efficacy and learning adaptability had significant complete mediating effects on professional identity and learning burnout（β=-0.173,-0.107,95%CI=-0.294--0.086,-0.213--0.003）. The chain mediating effect of academic self-efficacy and learning adaptability between professional identity and learning burnout was significant（β=-0.233,95%CI：-0.352--0.144）. Conclusion The professional identity of publicly-funded agricultural students can not directly affect their learning burnout,but can affect it through the independent mediating effect and chain mediating effect of academic self-efficacy and learning adaptability.

Meta-analysis of the prevalence of scoliosis among primary and secondary school students in China from 2018-2023

DONG Zixuan, WU Jiamin, ZHANG Chenda, HE Minmei

2024, 40(9): 1261-1266.

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Objective To obtain the prevalence of scoliosis among primary and secondary school students in China from 2018- 2023 by meta-analysis,and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students. Methods A cross-sectional surveys on the prevalence of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students in China was conducted on databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,Wanfang,VIP,China Biology Medicine disc（CBM）,Web of Science,PubMed and other domestic and foreign databases. The search period was from March 2018 to March 2023. The literature was screened,inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed,the prevalence of scoliosis among primary and secondary school students was measured using a random effects model in R software,and the sources of heterogeneity were explored through subgroup analysis of region,gender,urban-rural and school section. The robustness of the results was tested using sensitivity analysis,and publication bias was examined using funnel plots,Begg's rank correlation test and Egger regression methods. Results The study ultimately included 22 literature articles with a sample size of 1 244 271 cases and 59 593 positive cases of scoliosis. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students in China was 4.41%,with 95%CI ranging from 2.59% to 7.41%. Subgroup analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence rate of scoliosis among primary and secondary school students in different regions,genders,urban and rural areas and school stages（all P>0.05）. Conclusion The current rate of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students is higher than the average level in previous years,and the meta-analysis results are relatively reliable. All relevant parties should take active actions to prevent the occurrence of scoliosis in primary and secondary school students,to achieve prevention-oriented,early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment.

Meta analysis of the status of compassion fatigue among intensive care unit nurses

LIN Shuqiu, ZHANG Linlin, ZHANG Yue, ZHOU Xiaohan, ZHOU Yanling

2024, 40(9): 1267-1271.

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Objective To systematically evaluate the status of compassion fatigue among intensive care unit（ICU） nurses. Methods Cross-sectional studies related to the status of compassion fatigue among ICU nurses were retrieved from Web of Science,PubMed,Embase,The Cochrane Library,CHINHAL,PsyclNFO,China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）,Wanfang,VIP and China Biology Medicine disc（CBM） databases from database establishment to January 2023. The meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 14.0 software. Results A total of 27 studies involving 9 092 ICU nurses were included. The results showed that the scores of compassion satisfaction,burnout,and secondary trauma were 32.95（95%CI：30.44-35.46）,27.62（95%CI：26.28-28.96） and 26.22（95%CI：24.75-27.70）,respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the compassion satisfaction score was higher among nurses who were unmarried,with a bachelor′s degree,nursing experience more than 10,monthly night shift ≤4 and from America region,the scores of burnout and secondary trauma were higher among nurses who were unmarried,with college degree,nursing experience of 6-≤10 years,monthly night shift more than 4 and from Asia regions. Conclusion ICU nurses have moderate levels of compassion fatigue,with higher levels of compassion fatigue among unmarried,with college degree,nursing experience of 6-≤10 years,monthly night shift more than 4 and from Asia regions.

Analysis on public health resource allocation and forecast in Sichuan Province based on the perspective of resource distribution

ZHOU Minghua

2024, 40(9): 1272-1276.

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Objective To analyze the allocation and demand forecast of public health resources in Sichuan Province,and provide scientific basis for optimizing and developing public health resources in Sichuan Province. Methods The allocation of public health resources in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2020 was analyzed using the index of resource distribution（IRD） based on the entropy weight method and health resource density index（HRDI） and compared with the average level in China,and the gray prediction model GM（1,1） was used to predict the demand for public health resources in Sichuan Province during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. Results In 2020,the per capita total health expenditure in Sichuan Province was 4 830.52 yuan,and the number of health technicians and beds per 1,000 population was 0.483 and 0.167,respectively. Since 2013,the IRD of public health resources in Sichuan Province was lower than the average level in China,which indicated that the adequacy of public health resource allocation in Sichuan Province was lower than the average level in China. Taking HRDI of China as the reference standard,the deficiency of health technicians and number of beds in Sichuan Province was not less than 3 413 and 927,respectively,with a deficiency ratio of not less than 14.15% and 8.54%,respectively. According to the forecast,public health resources in Sichuan Province were growing continuously,and the total health expenditure,health technicians and number of beds are expected to reach 642 007.1 million yuan,47 299.274 people and 16 990.614 beds in 2025,respectively,with an average annual growth rate of 9.49%,3.61% and 4.06%,respectively compared to 2020. Conclusion The overall allocation of public health resources in Sichuan Province is lower than the average level in China,and the number of health technicians and beds in Sichuan Province is still a large shortage compared to the average level in China,and the allocation of public health resources needs to be further strengthened.

Research progress on nursing care and prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in China

ZHOU Wen, WANG Yu, WANG Ping

2024, 40(9): 1277-1281.

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Pneumoconiosis is a chronic disease characterized by diffuse fibrosis of lung tissue caused by long-term inhalation of productive dust and retention in the lungs,which has a long course,poor treatment effect,and seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients. Summarizing the common nursing measures for pneumoconiosis patients in China,it was found that different nursing methods can not only delay the progression of the disease,but also improve the quality of life. The current situation of pneumoconiosis prevention and treatment in China has been significantly improved,such as the high attention of government departments,continuous improvement of laws and regulations,and gradual enhancement of supervision and protection efforts. The various actors involved in the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis are becoming more diverse,and the prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis is now gradually shifting towards a multi-perspective,multi-actor collaborative management. This article reviews the nursing measures and prevention and treatment status of pneumoconiosis,proposes work suggestions,in order to provide reference for occupational health management and prevention and treatment work.

Research status and prospect of psychological training for military pilots

XU Hua, WANG Lei, CHEN Jingjing, XIONG Bo

2024, 40(9): 1282-1286.

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With the acceleration of our military's modernization process,a large number of high-performance fighter jets are gradually equipped with flight units,requiring military pilots to quickly process massive data information in complex working environments and make accurate decisions to complete more difficult and risky flight tasks. Therefore,military pilots need to have stronger psychological resilience and excellent personality psychological qualities. This article reviews recent research on psychological training for military pilots,providing reference for improving the construction of a personalized psychological quality training system applicable to our military pilots.

Research progress on status quo and influencing factors of psychological pain in HIV infected individuals/AIDS patients

LIU Linfeng, ZHANG Wen, WANG Hongyan, CAO Jun, DENG Qingchuan, RONG Xian

2024, 40(9): 1287-1290.

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By introducing the concept of psychological pain,this article summarizes the current situation and influencing factors and other related content of psychological pain in（human immunodeficiency virus, HIV） infected individuals/（acquired immune deficiency syndro,AIDS） patients,in order to raise the attention and importance of medical personnel to the psychological pain of HIV infected individuals/AIDS patients,develop targeted intervention measures based on the influencing factors,improve the psychological status of HIV infected individuals/AIDS patients,and enhance their mental health level.

Research process on chronic stress in pilots

WANG Lei, LI Zhuoying

2024, 40(9): 1291-1296.

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Due to the specificity of occupation,pilots need to tolerate more psychological pressure in work and daily life,prone to chronic stress,which can affect flight quality and flight safety of modern routes. Accordingly,how to relieve pilots' chronic stress and reduce pilots' mental load is becoming a realistic problem that needs to be explored urgently. This article reviews the concept,connotation and measurement methods of chronic stress,deeply analyzes the influencing factors of pilots' chronic stress and finally we conclude mitigation measures to relieve pilots' stress and to provide references for ensuring flight safety.

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