Abstract: Objective To understand the efficiency and trends of medical and health resources allocation in various districts of Nanjing City from 2015 to 2022. Methods The Joinpoint software was used to conduct the trend analysis on medical and health resource input and output in Nanjing City from 2015 to 2022. The efficiency of medical and health resource allocation was evaluated from both dynamic and static perspectives using the data envelopment analysis(DEA)-BCC model and Malmquist productivity index model. Results In 2022,the output efficiency of medical services in Nanjing City increased by 11.2% compared to the previous year. However,50% of the regions had ineffective DEA,mainly due to redundant inputs and insufficient outputs. Overall,the output efficiency of medical services showed an increasing trend from 2015 to 2022. However,the mean Malmquist productivity index was 0.980,with an average annual decrease of 2.0%,and the changes in total factor productivity of the nine districts were <1. Conclusions There are significant differences in the allocation of medical and health resources among various districts in Nanjing City,and the efficiency needs to be improved. It is recommended to adopt differentiated development strategies to continuously optimize the layout of medical resources,accelerate technological innovation to improve the total factor productivity of medical services,and strengthen government coordination to promote more effective market allocation of medical resources.

Key words: Medical and health resources allocation, Data envelopment analysis, Total factor productivity, Nanjing City