Meta-analysis of the incidence and influencing factors of myopia in children and adolescents in China

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To systematically evaluate the prevalence and influencing factors of myopia in children and adolescents in China over the past decade. Methods This study searched multiple databases using a computer and included relevant literature from January 1,2013 to September 10,2023. The quality of the included literature was evaluated by the quality evaluation criteria of the cross-sectional study of the American Healthcare Research and Quality Bureau（AHRQ）,and meta-analysis was conducted using Sata 16.0 software. Results A total of 19 articles were included,covering 1 329 784 study subjects,of which 742 649 children and adolescents were diagnosed with myopia. The meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of myopia in Chinese children and adolescents in China was 60.0%（95%CI：0.56%-0.64%,P<0.01）,and the risk of myopia in girls was much higher than that in boys（OR=1.51,95%CI：1.39-1.62）. Continuous close-range eye use for ≥ 1 hour,grade level,frequent lying down or screen reading, no eye exercises per day,less than 1 hour of outdoor activity per day,myopia of one or both parents,average daily sleep time less than 8 hours,average daily use of electronic equipment internet time ≥2 hours,and excessive homework time per day were all independent risk factors for myopia in children and adolescents in China（all P<0.05）. Regularly adjusting the height of student desks and chairs according to their height,using roof lights and desk lamps at the same time while reading and writing at home after dark,and resting outdoors during breaks were protective factors for Chinese children and adolescents（all P<0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of myopia in children and adolescents in China is at a relatively high level,and the myopia rate continues to increase with grade. Its occurrence is influenced by multiple factors. Society should pay more attention to the visual condition of children and adolescents,guide them to develop correct eye habits,and strengthen the intervention measures for myopia.

Key words: Myopia, Children and adolescents, Incidence rate, Influencing factors, System evaluation

CLC Number:

R181.2

LIU Qingwei, GUO Li, FAN Aiping, ZHANG Heng, GAO Fan, XIN Shu. Meta-analysis of the incidence and influencing factors of myopia in children and adolescents in China. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(3): 399-404.

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