Abstract:

The micro/nanoplastics（M/NPs），as a new type of pollutant，can accumulate in the atmosphere，soil，water bodies and living organisms，causing serious harm to ecosystems and human health. The traditional detection methods（such as microscopy，spectroscopy and mass spectrometry） have limitations such as long-time consumption，high cost and vulnerability to interference. Compared with traditional detection methods，biosensors have gradually shown unique application prospects in M/NPs detection due to their advantages such as good specificity and high sensitivity. The biosensing technology is a technique that uses biometric elements as sensors to achieve signal conversion and analysis detection by detecting the interaction between them and the target object. Among them，the biometric elements are the key to achieving high sensitivity and high specificity in actual detection. This paper reviews the application and research progress of biosensing technology in M/NPs detection in recent years based on the classification of biometric elements（enzymes，antibodies，aptamers，peptides，and cells），discusses various detection techniques，as well as the current challenges and future research directions they face，with the aim of providing a reference for the future development of more effective，simple and sensitive M/NPs biosensors.

Key words: Biosensing technology, Biosensor, Micro/nanoplastics, Biometric element, Detection technology, Application