Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of acute viral hepatitis in Yangpu District of Shanghai from 2005 to 2023，and analyze the change and trend of the incidence，so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control work of acute viral hepatitis in the next stage in Yangpu District of Shanghai. Methods All viral hepatitis cases with current addresses in Yangpu District reported online from January 2005 to December 2023 were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Excel 2007 and SPSS 18.0 softwares were used for data sorting and statistical analysis. Statistical methods mainly include descriptive statistical analysis，Chi-square test，Chi-square trend test，moving average and so on. The epidemic data of acute viral hepatitis in Yangpu District of Shanghai from 2005 to 2023 were analyzed. Results From 2005 to 2023，the average annual incidence of acute viral hepatitis in Yangpu district of Shanghai was 10.32 per 100 000 people，showing a downward trend（χ²_trend=493.633，P<0.01）. The incidence rate of hepatitis A fluctuated at a low level（χ²=44.743，P<0.01），the incidence rate of acute hepatitis B showed a significant downward trend（χ²_trend=175.981，P<0.01），the incidence rate of acute hepatitis C declined significantly and then leveled off（χ²_trend=47.131，P<0.01），the incidence rate of hepatitis E increased slightly（χ²=59.866，P<0.01），and the incidence rate of undifferentiated hepatitis showed a significant downward trend（χ²_trend=905.702，P<0.01）. The composition of acute hepatitis types had undergone significant changes in the past two decades，with hepatitis E gradually replacing undifferentiated hepatitis as the dominant type of acute hepatitis in Yangpu District. The male to female ratio of viral hepatitis incidence was 1.50 ∶ 1，and the difference in incidence rate between men and women was statistically significant（χ²=95.971，P<0.01）. The main population affected was those aged 40-<70 years old，and the difference in incidence rate among different age groups was statistically significant（χ²=307.403，P<0.01）. Acute viral hepatitis occurred in all 12 streets of Yangpu District，with Yinhang Street and Wujiaochang Street having the highest number of reported cases，with the peak incidence occurring in March each year. Conclusion The incidence rate of acute viral hepatitis in Yangpu District showed a downward trend from 2005 to 2023，and the proportion of acute viral hepatitis composition changed significantly. Hepatitis E has become the dominant type of acute viral hepatitis in Yangpu District，with the incidence rate rising slightly. It is suggested that Yangpu District should continue to strengthen the surveillance of acute viral hepatitis in the future and prevent the occurrence of acute viral hepatitis clusters. Health education，vaccination and other intervention measures can be considered among high-risk populations，and attention should be paid to strengthening the surveillance，prevention and control of hepatitis E.

Key words: Viral hepatitis, Incidence, Incident number, Epidemiological characteristics, Trend