Abstract: Objective To study influenza vaccination in children and its influencing factors. Methods A tltal of 110 children who were vaccinated with influenza vaccine in the Prevention Department of Hexi District Rehabilitation Hospital of Tianjin from August 2020 to January 2021 were selected as the vaccination group,while 110 children who were vaccinated with other vaccine but not vaccinated with influenza vaccine were selected in the Prevention Department of Hexi District Rehabilitation Hospital of Tianjin as the control group. The incidence rate of influenza,incidence and frequency of adverse reactions,as well as the results of questionnaire survey and multifactor analysis were compared between two groups. Results The incidence of adverse reactions at 1,3,and 6 months after influenza vaccination in the vaccination group was 0,3.64% and 9.09%,respectively,with an average of 7.27%. The incidence in the control group was 7.27%,19.09% and 32.73%,respectively,with an average of 24.55%. There were statistically significant differences in education level,total monthly family income,guardian's occupation,guardian vaccinated against influenza and guardian's awareness rate of influenza vaccine knowledge（χ²=53.623,17.921,46.313,69.989,65.007,all P<0.05）. The education level,total monthly family income and guardian vaccinated against influenza were the factors affecting influenza vaccination[OR（95%CI）=2.114（0.772-5.823）,4.847（1.834-12.871）,7.541（3.133-18.142）]. Conclusions The children vaccinated against influenza has a certain preventive effect on influenza and it also have small adverse reaction and lead to high safety. Various factors such as guardian's education level and total monthly family income affect the vaccination rate of influenza vaccines for children. In practical work,influenza vaccine publicity should be carried out in various forms to improve guardians' awareness and vaccination rate of influenza vaccine,so as to prevent the occurrence of influenza more effectively.

Key words: Influenza vaccine, Safety, Prevention effect, Factor