职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 3267-3271.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

齐齐哈尔市域内地表及地下生活饮用水中的低本底值α、β放射线的分析

佘铁军, 张静, 杜华楠, 张蕾, 范雯谡, 王姣   

  1. 齐齐哈尔市疾病预防控制中心理化科,黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 161000
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-11 修回日期:2025-03-19 出版日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2025-12-10
  • 作者简介:佘铁军,男,副主任技师,主要从事理化检验工作。
  • 基金资助:
    齐齐哈尔市创新激励项目(CSFGG-2024107)

Analysis of low background α and β radiation in surface and underground drinking water in Qiqihar City

Tiejun SHE, Jing ZHANG, Huanan DU, Lei ZHANG, Wensu FAN, Jiao WANG   

  1. Physiochemical Department,Qiqihar Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qiqihar,Heilongjiang 161000,China
  • Received:2025-02-11 Revised:2025-03-19 Online:2025-12-01 Published:2025-12-10

摘要:

目的 了解齐齐哈尔市域内地表及地下水中的总α、β放射线的活度情况,进而分析其水质整体情况,达到长期监测和预警作用,保障居民用水安全。方法 2024年枯水期(1—3月)和丰水期(6—8月),分别采集地表水和地下水,水样经酸化、浓缩、炭化、灰化、研磨、涂样,与标准物质进行比较,采用双通道FYFS-400X低本底α、β测量仪进行分析。结果 齐齐哈尔市27个采样点共采水样162份,总α、β放射性活度浓度范围分别为0.016~0.086和0.050~0.182 Bq/L。其中,Ⅰ类水源占有率为42.9%,Ⅱ类水源占有率为57.1%。结论 2024年齐齐哈尔市域内的嫩江、讷谟尔河、乌裕尔河、雅鲁河及15家水厂的水样总α、β放射性活度均符合相关要求,达到了生活饮用水标准。

关键词: 地表水, 地下水, 总α放射线, 总β放射线, 国家标准

Abstract:

Objective To understand the activity of total α and β radiation in surface and groundwater in Qiqihar City,and to analyze the overall water quality situation,so as to achieve long-term monitoring and early warning,and ensure water safety for residents. Methods In the dry season from January to March and the wet season from June to August in 2024,the surface water and groundwater were collected respectively. The water samples were acidified,concentrated,charred,ashes,ground and coated,and compared with the standard materials. The dual-channel FYFS-400X low background α and β measuring instrument was used for analysis. Results A total of 162 water samples were collected from 27 sampling sites in Qiqihar City,and the total α and β activity concentrations ranged from 0.016-0.086 and 0.050-0.182 Bq/L,respectively. Among them,the share of Class Ⅰ water sources was 42.9%,and the share of Class Ⅱ water sources was 57.1%. Conclusion In 2024,the total α and β radioactivity of the water samples of Nenjiang River,Namur River,Uyur River,Yaru River and 15 water plants in Qiqihar City meet the relevant requirements,and meet the standards for drinking water.

Key words: Surface water, Groundwater, Total α radiation, Total β radiation, National standard

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