长时间坐位/站立工作与肌肉骨骼疾患研究现状与展望

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23): 3294-3298.

长时间坐位/站立工作与肌肉骨骼疾患研究现状与展望

肖三华, 刘然然, 刘志东()

惠州市职业病防治院质量控制管理科，广东惠州 516008

收稿日期:2025-07-24 修回日期:2025-10-10 出版日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2025-12-10
通讯作者: 刘志东
作者简介:肖三华，男，副主任医师，主要从事劳动卫生工作。
基金资助:
广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(B2019053);广东省职业病防治重点实验室开放课题(2017B030314152)

Research status and prospects of prolonged sitting/standing work and work-related musculoskeletal disorders

Sanhua XIAO, Ranran LIU, Zhidong LIU()

Department of Quality Management，Huizhou Occupational Health Hospital，Huizhou，Guangdong 516008，China

Received:2025-07-24 Revised:2025-10-10 Online:2025-12-01 Published:2025-12-10
Contact: Zhidong LIU
About author:LIU Zhidong，Chief physician，E-mail：hzzyws@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的流行现状及其危险因素已有广泛研究，然而关于长时间坐位/站立工作与其关联的研究结论并不一致，需要进一步分析。本文通过梳理久坐危险/久站保护、久坐保护/久站危险和未发现久坐/久站是影响因素等多因素logistic回归研究结果，发现研究结论因行业/工种、身体部位而异。尽管多数研究均报告阴性结果，但长时间坐位工作更可能为颈肩部肌肉骨骼疾患危险因素，长时间站立工作更可能是下肢肌肉骨骼疾患危险因素。因此，要根据行业/工种特征加强对久坐/久站职业人群特定身体部位的健康保护，以抑制肌肉骨骼疾患的流行。

关键词: 久坐, 久站, 工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患, 影响因素

Abstract:

The prevalence and risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders（WMSDs） have been extensively studied. However，research conclusions on the association between prolonged sitting/standing work and WMSDs are inconsistent，necessitating further analysis. This article summarizes the results of multi-factor logistic regression studies on the risks of prolonged sitting/the protective effects of prolonged standing，the protective effects of prolonged sitting/the risks of prolonged standing，and the lack of findings indicating that prolonged sitting/prolonged standing are influencing factors. Although most studies report negative results，prolonged sitting is more likely to be a risk factor for neck and shoulder WMSDs，while prolonged standing is more likely to be a risk factor for lower limb WMSDs. Therefore，it is essential to strengthen health protection for specific body regions among occupational groups with prolonged sitting/standing based on industry/job characteristics to curb the prevalence of WMSDs.

Key words: Prolonged sitting, Prolonged standing, Work-related musculoskeletal disorders, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R181.31

肖三华, 刘然然, 刘志东. 长时间坐位/站立工作与肌肉骨骼疾患研究现状与展望[J]. 职业与健康, 2025, 41(23): 3294-3298.

Sanhua XIAO, Ranran LIU, Zhidong LIU. Research status and prospects of prolonged sitting/standing work and work-related musculoskeletal disorders[J]. OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(23): 3294-3298.

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