职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (13): 1784-1789.

• 论著—流行病学与预防保健 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆喀什地区巴楚县妇女对宫颈癌认知程度及筛查态度影响因素分析

罗勇1,2, 卓倩1, 宋述铭1,3, 麦合布拜·热合曼4, 热米拉·热扎克1, 古扎丽努尔·阿不力孜1()   

  1. 1 新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    2 克拉玛依市中心医院新疆 克拉玛依 834000
    3 喀什市巴楚县人民医院新疆 喀什 843800
    4 喀什市巴楚县妇幼保健计划生育服务中心新疆 喀什 843800
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-06 修回日期:2025-08-14 出版日期:2026-07-01 发布日期:2026-07-14
  • 通信作者: 古扎丽努尔·阿不力孜
  • 作者简介:古扎丽努尔·阿不力孜,E-mail:gzlnr@qq.com
    罗勇,女,住院医师,主要从事妇产科学工作。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(72264038);四川省科技计划项目资助(2024YFHZ0141)

Analysis of factors influencing women's cognitive level and screening attitude towards cervical cancer in Bachu County of Kashgar City,Xinjiang

LUO Yong1,2, ZHUO Qian1, SONG Shuming1,3, Maihebubai Reheman4, Remila Rezhake1, Guzhalinuer Abulizi1()   

  1. 1 Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiang 830011, China
    2 Karamay Central HospitalKaramayXinjiang 834000, China
    3 Kashgar Bachu County People's HospitalKashgarXinjiang 843800, China
    4 Kashgar Bachu County Maternal and Child Health Care and Family Planning Service CenterKashgarXinjiang 843800, China
  • Received:2025-03-06 Revised:2025-08-14 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-07-14
  • Contact: Guzhalinuer Abulizi

摘要:

目的 了解新疆喀什地区巴楚县妇女对宫颈癌的认知程度及筛查的态度,为当地宫颈癌防控教育奠定基础。方法 2023年3—5月,在当地进行的国家两癌筛查基础上通过方便性抽样对符合纳入标准及排除标准的新疆喀什地区巴楚县1 713名当地女性进行宫颈癌筛查及关于宫颈癌认知及筛查态度的问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 在1 713名调查对象中,99.80%听说过宫颈癌,30.2%过去参加过宫颈癌筛查。不同文化程度、职业、配偶文化程度及职业、家庭年均收入、家庭规模以及对待宫颈癌筛查的态度的喀什地区巴楚县妇女对宫颈癌的认知程度比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=62.731、39.434、37.991、27.088、34.389、7.630、14.809,均P<0.05);调查对象对宫颈癌相关知识的认知水平主要受文化程度(OR=1.401,95%CI:1.171~1.676)、家庭年均收入(OR=0.257,95%CI:0.087~0.757)、宫颈癌筛查的态度(OR=1.596,95%CI:1.225~2.079)的影响(均P<0.05)。不同文化程度、职业、配偶文化程度与职业、家庭规模及认知程度等方面的喀什地区巴楚县妇女对宫颈癌筛查的态度比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=28.702、27.103、27.835、26.553、26.553、6.385、14.809,均P<0.05),而宫颈癌相关知识的认知水平(OR=1.597,95%CI:1.227~2.080)、配偶职业(OR=4.259,95%CI:1.027~17.668)和家庭规模(OR=0.784,95%CI:0.656~0.938)均是宫颈癌筛查态度的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 新疆喀什地区巴楚县妇女对宫颈癌具备基础认知,但对宫颈癌的危险因素、疫苗及临床特征了解不足,筛查参与率较低。应将家庭收入低,家庭规模大,文化程度低且筛查态度消极的农村妇女作为宫颈癌健康教育宣传的重点关注对象,需加强对当地女性的健康教育,促使当地妇女定期进行宫颈癌筛检,进而降低新疆女性宫颈癌的发病率。

关键词: 巴楚县, 宫颈癌, 认知程度, 筛查态度, 健康教育, 影响因素

Abstract:

Objective To understand the level of awareness and attitudes towards screening for cervical cancer among women in Bachu County of Kashgar City,Xinjiang,and to lay the foundation for local cervical cancer prevention and control education. Methods From March to May 2023,based on the national two-cancer screening programme carried out locally,a convenience sampling was used to screen 1 713 local women in Bachu County of Kashgar City,Xinjiang who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for cervical cancer screening. A questionnaire survey was also conducted to assess their knowledge of cervical cancer and attitudes towards screening,and the data were analyzed. Results Among the 1 713 study participants,99.80% had heard of cervical cancer,and 30.2% had previously participated in cervical cancer screening. There were statistically significant differences in the awareness of cervical cancer among women in Bachu County of Kashgar City,with different levels of education,occupation,spouse education and occupation,average annual family income,family size,and attitudes towards cervical cancer screening(χ2=62.731,39.434,37.991,27.088,34.389,7.630,14.809,allP<0.05). The cognitive level of survey subjects regarding cervical cancer related knowledge was primarily influenced by educational attainment(OR=1.401,95%CI:1.171-1.676),annual household income(OR=0.257,95%CI:0.087-0.757),and attitude toward cervical cancer screening(OR=1.596,95%CI:1.225-2.079)(all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the attitudes towards cervical cancer screening among women in Bachu County of Kashgar City,with different levels of education,occupation,spouse education and occupation,family size,and cognitive level(χ2=28.702,27.103,27.835,26.553,26.553,6.385,14.809,allP<0.05). Knowledge of cervical cancer-related information(OR=1.597,95%CI:1.227-2.080),spouse's occupation(OR=4.259,95%CI:1.027-17.668) and family size(OR=0.784,95%CI:0.656-0.938) were the primary factors influencing attitudes toward cervical cancer screening(allP<0.05). Conclusion Women in Bachu County of Kashgar City,Xinjiang,have basic knowledge about cervical cancer,but they lack understanding of its risk factors,vaccines,and clinical characteristics,resulting in low screening participation rates. Rural women with low household income,large family size,low educational attainment,and negative attitudes toward screening should be prioritised as key targets for cervical cancer health education campaigns. Strengthened health education efforts are needed to encourage local women to undergo regular cervical cancer screening,thereby reducing the incidence of cervical cancer among women in Xinjiang.

Key words: Bachu County, Cervical cancer, Level of awareness, Screening attitude, Health education, Influencing factors

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