职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (13): 1822-1826.

• 论著—流行病学与预防保健 • 上一篇    下一篇

2024年拉萨市第二产业劳动者职业健康素养现状调查及影响因素分析

王延会1, 赵俊美1, 卢玉鑫1, 赵文虎1, 邓莉萍1, 王芹1,2()   

  1. 1 西藏拉萨市疾病预防控制中心(西藏拉萨市卫生监督所)西藏 拉萨 850000
    2 天津市放射医学与分子核医学重点实验室中国医学科学院放射医学研究所天津 300192
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-15 修回日期:2026-01-10 出版日期:2026-07-01 发布日期:2026-07-14
  • 通信作者: 王芹
  • 作者简介:王芹,E-mail:wangqin@irm-cams.ac.cn
    王延会,女,主管医师,主要从事职业卫生与学校卫生工作。

Investigation on the current situation of occupational health literacy of secondary industry workers in Lhasa in 2024 and analysis of influencing factors

WANG Yanhui1, ZHAO Junmei1, LU Yuxin1, ZHAO Wenhu1, DENG Liping1, WANG Qin1,2()   

  1. 1 Lhasa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(Lhasa Municipal Health Supervision InstituteLhasaXizang 850000, China)
    2 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesTianjin 300192, China
  • Received:2025-08-15 Revised:2026-01-10 Online:2026-07-01 Published:2026-07-14
  • Contact: WANG Qin

摘要:

目的 了解2024年拉萨市第二产业劳动者职业健康素养(occuational health literacy,OHL)现状,并分析其影响因素,为制定针对性的拉萨市第二产业劳动者的OHL干预措施提供依据。方法 数据为“2024年全国重点人群职业健康素养监测”系统中的拉萨市数据,调查对象为拉萨市从事第二产业的一线劳动者,共536名,调查的基本特征包括性别、工龄、年龄、婚姻情况、文化程度、平均月收入、用人单位所属行业以及用人单位性质。统一采用网络问卷调查方式进行,通过“全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查信息系统”生成问卷调查二维码,劳动者通过扫描二维码,以匿名自填形式进行作答。调查劳动者的职业健康法律知识、职业健康保护基本知识、职业健康保护基本技能、健康工作方式和行为共4个维度健康素养水平。结果 2024年拉萨市第二产业劳动者的职业健康法律知识、职业健康保护基本知识、职业健康保护基本技能、健康工作方式和行为等维度素养水平分别为28.9%、57.1%、13.2%和39.9%,OHL总体水平为24.4%。不同文化程度和不同平均月收入水平的劳动者,呈现出随着文化程度和收入水平的增加,OHL水平逐渐增加的趋势,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=44.193、24.516,均P<0.01);国有企业和民营企业劳动者的OHL水平显著高于外资企业,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.698,P<0.05)。结论 2024年拉萨市第二产业劳动者的OHL水平较低,劳动者的文化程度、月收入水平、用人单位性质是影响OHL的主要因素,需采取干预措施提升第二产业劳动者的OHL水平。

关键词: 第二产业, 劳动者, 职业健康素养, 拉萨市, 现状调查, 职业卫生

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current status of occupational health literacy(OHL) among secondary industry workers in Lhasa in 2024,and analyze its influencing factors,in order to provide a basis for formulating targeted intervention measures of OHL for secondary industry workers in Lhasa. Methods The data were obtained from "2024 National Occupational Health Literacy Surveillance System for Key Populations",specifically focusing on Lhasa. The survey subjects comprised 536 frontline workers engaged in secondary industry in Lhasa. Data were collected on the demographic and occupational characteristics,including gender,length of employment,age,marital status,education level,average monthly income,industry sector,and employer ownership type. A uniform online questionnaire method was adopted. The survey was conducted via "National Occupational Health Literacy Surveillance System for Key Populations",which generated a QR code-linked questionnaire. Workers participated anonymously by scanning the QR code and completing the self-administered survey. The survey assessed workers' OHL levels across four dimensions,including knowledge of occupational health laws and regulations,basic knowledge of occupational health protection,fundamental skills for occupational health protection and healthy work practices and behaviors. Results In 2024,the literacy levels of knowledge of occupational health laws and regulations,basic knowledge of occupational health protection,fundamental skills for occupational health protection and healthy work practices and behaviors among secondary industry workers in Lhasa were 28.9%,57.1%,13.2%,and 39.9%,respectively,with an overall OHL level of 24.4%. Workers with different levels of education and average monthly income showed a trend of gradually increasing OHL levels with increasing levels of education and income,and the differences were statistically significant(χ2=44.193,24.516,bothP<0.01). Workers in state-owned and private enterprises exhibited significantly higher OHL rates than those in foreign-funded enterprises(χ2=8.698,P<0.05). Conclusion The OHL level of secondary industry workers in Lhasa in 2024 is relatively low. The main factors affecting OHL are the educational attainment,monthly income level,and enterprise ownership type. Intervention measures need to be taken to improve the OHL level of secondary industry workers.

Key words: Secondary industry, Workers, Occupational health literacy, Lhasa City, Current situation investigation, Occupational health

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