职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (14): 1959-1963.

• 论著—流行病学与预防保健 • 上一篇    下一篇

天津市9~14岁女生家长HPV认知及疫苗接种影响因素分析

于爽1,2, 李玉峰3, 潘宏磊4, 常利民5, 李彦坤6, 丁亚兴6()   

  1. 1 天津市和平区疾病预防控制中心天津 300041
    2 中国疾病预防控制中心中国现场流行病学培训项目北京 100050
    3 天津市东丽区疾病预防控制中心天津 300300
    4 天津市宝坻区疾病预防控制中心天津 301800
    5 天津市宁河区疾病预防控制中心天津 301500
    6 天津市疾病预防控制中心天津 300171
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-11 修回日期:2025-09-29 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-16
  • 通信作者: 丁亚兴,E-mail:louisdyx@163.com
  • 作者简介:于爽,女,主管医师,主要从事免疫规划工作。
  • 基金资助:
    中华预防医学会疫苗与免疫青年人才托举项目(CPMAQT_YM0357)

Analysis of parents' cognition of HPV and factors influencing HPV vaccination decisions among female children aged 9 to 14 in Tianjin

YU Shuang1,2, LI Yufeng3, PAN Honglei4, CHANG Limin5, LI Yankun6, DING Yaxing6()   

  1. 1 Tianjin Heping District Center for Disease Control and PreventionTianjin 300041, China
    2 China Center for Disease Control and PreventionChina Field Epidemiology Training ProgramBeijing 100050, China
    3 Tianjin Dongli District Center for Disease Control and PreventionTianjin 300300, China
    4 Tianjin Baodi District Center for Disease Control and PreventionTianjin 301800, China
    5 Tianjin Ninghe District Center for Disease Control and PreventionTianjin 301500, China
    6 Tianjin Center for Disease Control and PreventionTianjin 300171, China
  • Received:2025-07-11 Revised:2025-09-29 Online:2026-07-15 Published:2026-07-16
  • Contact: DING Yaxing,E-mail:louisdyx@163.com

摘要:

目的 了解天津市9~14岁在校女生家长人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)及HPV疫苗认知及女生HPV疫苗接种现状和相关影响因素,为制定相关干预措施提供参考依据。方法 采用多阶段抽样方法抽取天津市9~14岁在校女生的具有独立行为能力的母亲或者父亲为调查对象,自行设计问卷通过问卷星进行线上调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 家长HPV相关知识、疫苗相关知识、总体的知晓合格率分别为49.79%、69.50%和55.15%。家长30~<40岁(OR=1.907,95%CI:1.348~2.697)和40~<50岁(OR=1.427,95%CI:1.007~2.023)、职业为医生(OR=4.636,95%CI:2.698~7.967)的认知水平更高;家长为父亲(OR=0.329,95%CI:0.265~0.408)、家长学历初中及以下(OR=0.261,95%CI:0.169~0.401)和高中/职(OR=0.393,95%CI:0.257~0.600)、人均年收入2~<5万元(OR=0.673,95%CI:0.560~0.809)和0~<2万元(OR=0.470,95%CI:0.379~0.583)的人群认知水平较低。天津市9~14岁女生调查接种率为2.79%。女生12~14岁组(OR=2.086,95%CI:1.430~3.042)和人均年收入<2万元(OR=2.574,95%CI:1.409~4.704)的人群调查接种率更高,居住在城镇(OR=0.578,95%CI:0.375~0.890)的人群接种率更低(均P<0.05)。结论 调查的天津市9~14岁女生家长对HPV及HPV疫苗认知较差,女生HPV疫苗调查接种率极低。卫生健康部门和学校通过多方式多渠道针对重点人群重点内容加强健康教育,从而提高认识水平,进而提升疫苗接种率。

关键词: 宫颈癌, 人乳头瘤病毒, 疫苗, 认知, 影响因素, 9~14岁女生

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current status and related influencing factors of parents' knowledge about human papilloma virus(HPV) and HPV vaccines,as well as the HPV vaccination status of schoolgirls aged 9-14 in Tianjin,and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating relevant intervention measures. Methods A multi-stage sampling method was used to select mothers or fathers with independent behavioral capabilities of schoolgirls aged 9-14 in Tianjin as survey respondents. A self-designed questionnaire was conducted online through Wenjuanxing,and the data were analyzed. Results The overall awareness rates of parents regarding HPV-related knowledge,vaccine knowledge,and general knowledge were 49.79%,69.50%,and 55.15%,respectively. Parents aged 30-<40(OR=1.907,95%CI:1.348-2.697) and 40-<50(OR=1.427,95%CI:1.007-2.023),as well as those with a profession of doctor(OR=4.636,95%CI:2.698-7.967),had higher levels of knowledge. Parents who were fathers(OR=0.329,95%CI:0.265-0.408),had educational backgrounds of junior high school or below(OR=0.261,95%CI:0.169-0.401),and high school/vocational education(OR=0.393,95%CI:0.257-0.600),with incomes of 2-<50 000 yuan(OR=0.673,95%CI:0.560-0.809),and 0-<20 000 yuan(OR=0.470,95%CI:0.379-0.583),had lower levels of knowledge. The vaccination rate among schoolgirls aged 9-14 in Tianjin was 2.79%. In the group of girls aged 12 to 14(OR=2.086,95%CI:1.430-3.042),those with an income of 0-<20 000 yuan(OR=2.574,95%CI:1.409-4.704) exhibited a higher vaccination rate,while those residing in urban areas(OR=0.578,95%CI:0.375-0.890) had a lower vaccination rate. Conclusion Parents of girls aged 9 to 14 in Tianjin have poor knowledge regarding HPV and HPV vaccines,and the surveyed vaccination rate among girls is extremely low. Health departments and schools should strengthen health education for key populations and focus on key content through multiple methods and channels to enhance awareness and subsequently increase vaccination rates.

Key words: Cervical cancer, Human papilloma virus, Vaccine, Cognition, Influencing factors, Girls aged 9-14

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