关键词: 女教师, 职业紧张, 工作时间, 焦虑, 中介作用

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of anxiety tendency among female teachers，explore the effects of working hours and occupational stress on anxiety，and propose suggestions to help female teachers reduce anxiety tendency. Methods From July to October 2024，a multistage stratified sampling method was employed to survey female teachers from 15 primary and secondary schools in Beijing using self-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed through group comparisons and linear regression analysis. Results A total of 692 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean age of participants was （38.0±8.9）years. The total scores[M（P₂₅，P₇₅）] of the core occupational stress scale and generalized anxiety disorder-7 for female teachers were 21.0（36.0，47.0） and 5.0（1.0，8.0）points，respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the total anxiety scores of female teachers in different age groups，average monthly income，weekly working hours，long periods of sitting at a desk or leaning forward for a long time，and long periods of the same posture（all P<0.05）.Occupational stress，prolonged standing time，and weekly working hours were positive predictors of anxiety scores of female teachers（all P<0.05）. Occupational stress mediated the effect of weekly working hours on anxiety scores among female teachers，accounting for 32.96% of the total effect. Conclusion The weekly working hours have a direct impact on the anxiety tendency of female teachers，and occupational stress plays a mediating effect between the weekly working hours and anxiety tendency of female teachers. It is necessary to pay attention to the rational arrangement of female teachers' working hours，strengthen occupational stress management，and reduce the occurrence of anxiety tendency among female teachers.

Key words: Female teachers, Occupational stress, Working hours, Anxiety, Mediating effect