关键词: 急诊科, 护士, 工作疏离感, 知觉压力, 工作场所心理暴力, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of nurses' perceived stress,psychological violence in the workplace and job alienation in the emergency department of Mianyang tertiary first-class hospital,and to analyze the influencing factors of job alienation. Methods A total of 226 emergency department nurses from 4 tertiary grade A hospitals in Mianyang City were selected as the survey objects by convenience sampling methods from June to July 2022. General information questionnaire,perceived stress scale,workplace psychological violence scale and work alienation scale were used to collect relevant data.And the data were analyzed. Results The scores of perceived stress,psychological violence in the workplace and work alienation of nurses in the emergency department of Mianyang tertiary grade A hospital were （34.51±9.09）,（23.79±10.51） and （29.56±11.10）points,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in perceived stress scores among emergency department nurses with different marital status,contract type,professional title,working years in the emergency department,sleep quality,and health status（all P<0.05）.The scores of psychological violence in the workplace of emergency department nurses with different contract types,professional titles,sleep quality and health status were compared,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）.There were statistically significant differences in the scores of job alienation among emergency department nurses with different gender,marital status,contract category,professional title,average monthly income,whether to work night shift,sleep quality,and health status（all P<0.05）.The scores of perceived stress and workplace psychological violence were positively correlated with the scores of job alienation（P<0.05）.Professional title,average monthly income,sleep quality,health status,perceived pressure,and psychological violence in the workplace were the main influencing factors of job alienation among nurses in emergency department,which could explain 60.4% of the total variation of job alienation score. Conclusions The level of job alienation of nurses in emergency departments of four tertiary grade A hospitals in Mianyang is high,and it is affected by many factors,among which perceived pressure and psychological violence in the workplace are important influencing factors. Nursing managers should pay attention to the physical and mental health of nurses,and take various forms of targeted intervention measures to reduce nurses' work-related pressure and psychological violence in the workplace,so as to reduce the sense of work alienation and improve nurses' work engagement.

Key words: Emergency department, Nurses, Work alienation, Perceived stress, Psychological violence in the workplace, Influence factor