关键词: 铅锌矿, 职业病危害因素, 防护措施

Abstract: Objective To identify and analyze the occupational hazard factors in the workplace of a lead and zinc concentrator in Shaanxi Province,and provide countermeasures for occupational disease prevention and workers' health. Methods In accordance with the national occupational health standards and relevant work norms,the occupational health field investigation method and detection method was applied to identify,sample,test and analyze the occupational-disease-inductive factors in the workplace of the enterprise in September 2021. Results The main occupational disease inductive factors in the workplace of the enterprise include productive dust（silica dust,lead dust,other dust）,productive toxicants（hydrogen chloride,hydrochloric acid,sulfuric acid,sulfur trioxide）,and physical factors（noise,power frequency electric field）.The time-weighted average allowable concentrations of silica dust（total dust） and silica dust（exhaled dust） in the workplace were 1.40 and 0.84 mg/m³ respectively,exceeding the occupational exposure limits.The exposure levels of productive poisons such as hydrogen chloride,hydrochloric acid,sulfuric acid and sulfur trioxide all met the occupational exposure limits.The 40 h equivalent noise level intensity of crusher,ball grinder,flotation worker,dosifier and dehydrator operator were 91.3,94.5,91.3,89.4 and 86.5 dB（A）,respectively,which exceeds the occupational exposure limit.The measurement result of power frequency electric field intensity of inspection position in the distribution room was 0.053 16 kV/m,which met the requirements of occupational exposure limit. Conclusions The dust and noise of the enterprise exceed the standard,and the occupational hazard is serious.It is suggested to take occupational health protection and remedial measures to protect the health of workers.

Key words: Lead-zinc mine, Occupational hazards, Protective measures