室内氡水平现状、影响因素与管理挑战

职业与健康 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (13): 1867-1872.

• 综述 • 上一篇

室内氡水平现状、影响因素与管理挑战

姚美男^1,2, 于润秋^1,2, 姜雯雯^1,2, 唐小哲³, 白斌^1,2, 马永忠^1,2

1.首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京 100013;
2.北京市疾病预防控制中心放射卫生防护所,北京 100013;
3.中国疾病预防控制中心公共卫生管理处,北京 102211

收稿日期:2025-04-25 修回日期:2025-05-06 发布日期:2025-12-11
通信作者: 马永忠,主任医师,E-mail：myz0905@126.com
作者简介:姚美男,女,主管技师,主要从事放射相关的检测与评价工作。
基金资助:
2024年度中国疾控中心标准评估项目（2024-jk-fs-005）; 北京市高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目（学科带头人-01-20）

Current status,influencing factors and management challenges of indoor radon levels

YAO Meinan^1,2, YU Runqiu^1,2, JIANG Wenwen^1,2, TANG Xiaozhe³, BAI Bin^1,2, MA Yongzhong^1,2

1. School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100013, China;
2. Institute of Radiation Hygiene Protection, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China;
3. Public Health Management Office, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102211, China

Received:2025-04-25 Revised:2025-05-06 Published:2025-12-11
Contact: MA Yongzhong,Chief physician,E-mail：myz0905@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氡及其子体被人体吸入后会沉积在肺部,其放射性衰变过程中释放的α粒子能够破坏体细胞,增加患肺癌的风险。居住环境中的氡及其衰变产物是诱发肺癌的第二大原因。本文综述室内氡的危害、不同建筑类型室内氡浓度的差异、影响室内氡含量的多因素作用以及室内氡控制水平和标准的现状。鉴于儿童对氡的潜在风险更为敏感,应特别关注学校及托幼机构的室内氡水平。目前,各国已经制定了针对不同场所的室内氡标准。本文通过对这些方面的深入剖析,揭示当前室内氡研究领域面临的问题与挑战,并提出针对性的建议与展望,旨在为科研人员、政策制定者及相关从业者提供全面且具深度的参考,以促进对室内氡问题更为科学、有效的管理与应对。

关键词: 室内氡, 肺癌风险, 建筑类型差异, 影响因素, 控制标准

Abstract: Radon and its progeny,when inhaled by humans,deposit in the lungs and release alpha particles during radioactive decay,which can damage body cells and increase the risk of lung cancer. Radon and its decay products in residential environments are the second leading cause of lung cancer. This paper comprehensively elaborates on the hazards of radon,the differences in indoor radon concentrations in different building types,the multi-factorial effects on indoor radon content,as well as the current status of indoor radon control levels and standards. Given that children are more sensitive to the potential risks of radon,there should be a particular focus on indoor radon levels in schools and childcare institutions. Currently,various countries have established indoor radon standards for different settings. Through in-depth analysis of these aspects,this article reveals the problems and challenges faced in the current indoor radon research field,and proposes targeted suggestions and prospects,aiming to provide comprehensive and in-depth references for scientific researchers,policymakers,and relevant practitioners,so as to promote more scientific and effective management and response to indoor radon issues.

Key words: Indoor radon, Lung cancer risk, Differences in building types, Influencing factors, Control standards

中图分类号:

R146

姚美男, 于润秋, 姜雯雯, 唐小哲, 白斌, 马永忠. 室内氡水平现状、影响因素与管理挑战. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(13): 1867-1872.

YAO Meinan, YU Runqiu, JIANG Wenwen, TANG Xiaozhe, BAI Bin, MA Yongzhong. Current status,influencing factors and management challenges of indoor radon levels. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(13): 1867-1872.

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室内氡水平现状、影响因素与管理挑战

Current status,influencing factors and management challenges of indoor radon levels

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