基于国际经验的中国生物安全实验室事故应急计划完善研究

职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1435-1440.

• 综述 • 上一篇

基于国际经验的中国生物安全实验室事故应急计划完善研究

张宇航¹, 卢耀勤^1,2, 亚库普·阿卜杜热扎克¹, 王悦¹, 巨珂珂¹, 俞婧³

1.新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830011;
2.乌鲁木齐市疾病预防控制中心办公室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830000;
3.新疆医科大学第一附属医院科研部,新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2023-09-11 修回日期:2023-10-11 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2026-03-13
通信作者: 卢耀勤,副主任医师,E-mail：lyq_superior@163.com
作者简介:张宇航,男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为实验室生物安全。
基金资助:
生物安全战略防御一体化建设创新团队（2022TSYCTD0015）

Research on the improvement of contingency plans for biosafety laboratory accidents in China based on international experience

ZHANG Yuhang¹, LU Yaoqin^1,2, Yakupu Abodurezhake¹, WANG Yue¹, JU Keke¹, YU Jing³

1. School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang, 830011, China;
2. General Office, Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi Xinjiang, 830000, China;
3. Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi Xinjiang, 830011, China

Received:2023-09-11 Revised:2023-10-11 Online:2024-05-15 Published:2026-03-13
Contact: LU Yaoqin,Associate chief physician,E-mail：lyq_superior@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过对各国生物安全实验室事故的案例分析,针对我国生物安全实验室事故应急计划现状总结了国际上生物安全实验室应急响应计划的优点和经验。在此基础上提出了优化应急响应体系结构、强化实验室人员培训和应急能力、加强信息交流和风险沟通等改进建议,旨在提高我国生物安全实验室的应急响应能力,保障人民生命安全和社会稳定,为进一步加强实验室应急计划提供参考。

关键词: 生物安全实验室, 应急响应计划, 应急演练, 应急响应能力, 风险沟通

Abstract: By analyzing biosafety laboratory accidents in various countries, this paper summarizes the advantages and experience of international biosafety laboratory emergency response plans according to the current state of biosafety laboratory accidents emergency response plans in China. On this basis, improvement suggestions were proposed, including optimizing the emergency response system structure, strengthening laboratory personnel training and emergency response capability, and enhancing information exchange and risk communication. The aim is to improve the emergency response capability of biosafety laboratories in China, ensure the safety of people's lives and social stability, and provide reference for further strengthening laboratory emergency plans.

Key words: Biosafety laboratory, Emergency response plan, Emergency drill, Emergency response capability, Risk communication

中图分类号:

R197

张宇航, 卢耀勤, 亚库普·阿卜杜热扎克, 王悦, 巨珂珂, 俞婧. 基于国际经验的中国生物安全实验室事故应急计划完善研究. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(10): 1435-1440.

ZHANG Yuhang, LU Yaoqin, Yakupu Abodurezhake, WANG Yue, JU Keke, YU Jing. Research on the improvement of contingency plans for biosafety laboratory accidents in China based on international experience. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(10): 1435-1440.

参考文献

[1] 张韦深,刘秋娜,吴美茹,等.浅谈病原微生物实验室安全问题与对策[J].广东化工,2020,47(16):230-233.
[2] 叶元兴,马静,赵玉泽,等.基于150起实验室事故的统计分析及安全管理对策研究[J].实验技术与管理,2020,37(12):317-322.
[3] ZHANG E M,WANG J Q,GAO L D,et al.Emergency response for a laboratory biosafety incident[J].Biomed Environ Sci,2019,32(3):231-233.
[4] PENG H S,BILAL M,IQBAL H M N.Improved Biosafety and Biosecurity measures and/or strategies to tackle laboratory-acquired infections and related risks[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2018,15(12):2697-2709.
[5] MANHEIM D B.Results of a 2020 Survey on Reporting requirements and practices for biocontainment laboratory accidents[J].Health Secur,2021,19(6):642-651.
[6] BOFFEY P M.Fort Detrick:A top laboratory is threatened with extinction[J].Science,1971,171(3968):262-264.
[7] LIN K,LIU M,MA H,et al.Laboratory biosafety emergency management for SARS-CoV-2[J].J Biosaf Biosecur,2020,2(2):99-101.
[8] RICHMOND J Y,NESBY-O'DELL S L.Laboratory security and emergency response guidance for laboratories working with select agents[J].MMWR Recomm Rep,2002,51(19):1-8.
[9] 董雨晴,李敏,陆晔,等.美国与欧洲疾病预防控制中心的运营情况及启示[J].中国卫生资源,2016,19(2):120-124.
[10] DAVIS X M,ROUSE E N,STAMPLEY C.Preparing the CDC public health workforce for emergency response[J].J Homel Secur Emerg Manag,2021,18(1):1-21.
[11] CRUZ M A,BURGER R,KEIM M.The First 24 Hours of the world trade center attacks of 2001-the centers for disease control and prevention emergency phase response[J].Prehosp Disaster Med,2007,22(6):473-477.
[12] MARTINEZ D,LANDON K A,MCDERMOTT W,et al.Serial Hurricanes the 2017 hurricane public health responses:case studies illustrating the role of centers for disease control and prevention's public health emergency preparedness program[J].Disaster Med Public Health Prep,2020,17:e5.
[13] REDD S C,FRIEDEN T R.CDC’s evolving approach to emergency response[J].Health Secur,2017,15(1):41-52.
[14] 孙辉,李群.美国疾控中心人感染H7N9禽流感疫情应急响应及对我国的启示[J].实用预防医学,2014,21(6):759-762.
[15] 陈倩姝,高志坚,王壮业,等.欧洲疾病预防控制中心快速风险评估方法操作工具简介[J].中国公共卫生,2020,36(2):254-256.
[16] IPPOLITO G,NISII C,DI CARO A,et al.European perspective of 2-person rule for biosafety level 4 laboratories[J].Emerg Infect Dis,2009 15(11):1858-1860.
[17] 李发强,张媛.欧洲疾病预防控制中心卫生应急准备自我评估工具简介[J].中国公共卫生,2019,35(12):1724-1727.
[18] 黎新宇,王全意,梁万年,等.欧洲疾病预防控制中心工作模式[J].中国全科医学,2007,10(17):1413-1415.
[19] NISII C,CASTILLETTI C,DI CARO A,et al.The European network of biosafety-Level-4 laboratories:Enhancing European preparedness for new health threats[J].Clin Microbiol Infect,2014,15(8):720-726.
[20] REUSKEN C B,MÖGLING R,SMIT P W,et al.Status,quality and specific needs of Ebola virus diagnostic capacity and capability in laboratories of the two European preparedness laboratory networks EMERGE and EVD-LabNet[J].Euro Surveill,2018,23(19):17-26.
[21] 李雪枫,姜卉.美英澳生物安全的发展路径及对中国的启示[J].科技管理研究,2021,41(2):16-27.
[22] PICKERING B S,SPENGLER J R,SHADABI E,et al.The biosafety level 4 zoonotic laboratory network(BSL4ZNet):Report of a workshop on live animal handling[J].Antiviral Res,2019,172:104640.
[23] ANDERSON C,LOW-CHOY S,WHITTLE P,et al.Australian plant biosecurity surveillance systems[J].Crop Prot,2017,100:8-20.
[24] NELSON M,ROFFEY P,MCNEVIN D,et al.An overview of biosecurity in Australia[J].Aust J Forensic Sci,2014,46(4):383-396.
[25] 付强. 完善国家重大感染性疾病救治体系建设与应急机制思考:基于COVID-19疫情防控应对实践[J].中华医院管理杂志,2020,36(4):5.
[26] LIU Y,PENG D,YANG J,et al.Emergency biosafety management practice in laboratory of shelter hospital[J].Curr Med Sci,2020,40(2020):958-988.
[27] LE DUC J W,ANDERSON K,BLOOM M E,et al.Framework for leadership and training of Biosafety Level 4 laboratory workers[J].Emerg Infect Dis,2008,14(11):1685-1688.
[28] APPELT S,JACOB D,ROHLEDER A,et al.Assessment of biorisk management systems in high containment laboratories,18 countries in Europe,2016 and 2017[J].Euro Surveill,2020,25(36):2000089.
[29] MUNSON E,BOWLES E J,DERN R,et al.Laboratory focus on improving the culture of biosafety:Statewide risk assessment of clinical laboratories that process specimens for microbiologic analysis[J].J Clin Microbiol,2017,56(1):e01569-17.
[30] SUN D,WU L,FAN G.Laboratory information management system for biosafety laboratory:Safety and efficiency[J].J Biosaf Biosecur,2021, 3(1):28-34.
[31] MUHAMMAD J,SARWAR S,KHAN T,et al.A cross-sectional survey to assess biorisk management system in research and diagnostic laboratories in khyber pakhtunkhwa,Pakistan[J].Front Public Health,2021,9:766162.
[32] 刘琦,卢耀勤,刘涛.国内外生物安全实验室的研究进展[J].职业与健康,2021,37(12):1724-1728.
[33] 丁峰,张阳,梁鹏,等.高等级生物安全实验室常见环境风险及其防范措施[J].安全与环境工程,2012,19(1):38-42.
[34] 陆兵,李京京,程洪亮,等.我国生物安全实验室建设和管理现状[J].实验室研究与探索,2012,31(1):192-196.
[35] 杨启凡,王宇萍.我国公共卫生领域面临的突出生物安全问题[J].中国公共卫生,2023,39(5):676-680.
[36] 徐少华,黄凤珍.重庆市开州区22家病原微生物实验室生物安全现况调查[J].世界最新医学信息文摘,2018,18(14):157-158.
[37] 黄伟栋. 上海市某区二级病原微生物实验室生物安全管理现况调查[J].检验医学,2014,29(5):560-563.
[38] 卢耀勤,曾长玉,芮宝玲.病原微生物实验室生物安全现况调查[J].医学动物防制,2016,32(5):590-592.
[39] 马雪娇,卢耀勤,刘涛.实验室生物安全管理研究进展[J].中国预防医学杂志,2018,19(3):238-241.
[40] 杨丹丹,徐佳南,朱宝立.江苏省职业健康检查机构生物安全防护现状[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(6):766-770.
[41] 周颖,王振维,唐文革.我国实验室生物安全管理研究进展分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2009,19(11):2683-2685.
[42] 席敏,段永璇,张睿.新冠疫情防控常态化下的病原微生物实验室备案管理平台建设与思考[J].微生物与感染,2021,16(6):425-430.
[43] LI N,HU L,JIN A,et al.Biosafety laboratory risk assessment[J].J Biosaf Biosecur,2019,1(2):90-92.
[44] 赵添羽,何蕊,张连祺,等.国外高等级生物安全实验室管理政策制度现状与启示[J].暖通空调,2022,52(5):80-84.
[45] 杨健,史经纬,郑雨航,等.新形势下高校实验室安全事故应急演练设计与应用[J].实验室研究与探索,2022,41(9):300-303.
[46] 宋琪,丁陈君,陈方,等.国际生物安全四级实验室建设和实验室安全管理现状[J].世界科技研究与发展,2021,43(2):169-181.

基于国际经验的中国生物安全实验室事故应急计划完善研究

Research on the improvement of contingency plans for biosafety laboratory accidents in China based on international experience

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 1

编辑推荐

Metrics