上海市医务人员心理健康、心理弹性、社会支持、人际关系现状及相关性

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解上海市综合医院与专科医院医务人员心理健康状况,探讨心理弹性在心理健康与社会支持、人际关系间的关系与作用机制。方法于2021年4—6月,采用自拟问卷、心理弹性问卷、社会支持评定量表、人际关系综合诊断量表、失眠严重指数量表,通过在线问卷对上海市不同级别综合医院204名与专科医院在院医务人员进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果上海市204名医务人员的抑郁、焦虑、失眠得分分别为（7.20±2.51）、（6.62±2.80）和（4.90±5.05）分,心理健康状况良好。心理弹性与焦虑、抑郁均呈正相关（r=0.493、0.477,均P<0.01）,与失眠呈负相关（r=-0.299,P<0.01）,人际关系与焦虑、抑郁呈负相关,与失眠呈正相关（r=-0.349、-0.318、0.363,均P<0.01）,心理弹性与人际关系呈负相关,与社会支持呈正相关（r=-0.466、0.445,均P<0.01）,人际关系与社会支持呈负相关（r=-0.559,P<0.01）;心理弹性在抑郁、焦虑与社会支持、人际关系间的中介效应显著（P<0.01）,中介效应均占100%,社会支持与人际关系主要通过心理弹性影响抑郁与焦虑。心理弹性在人际关系与失眠之间中介效应不显著（P>0.05）,人际关系与失眠间存在直接效应（P<0.01）,人际关系直接影响失眠。结论医务人员的心理健康与心理弹性、社会支持与人际关系有着密切联系,心理弹性在其中发挥着重要的中介作用。医院管理者需重视提升医务人员的心理弹性,从而更好的提升医务人员的心理健康状况。

关键词: 心理弹性, 心理健康, 社会支持, 人际关系, 中介效应

Abstract: Objective To understand the mental health ofmedical staff in general hospitals and specialized hospitals in Shanghai,explore the relationship and mechanism between psychological resilience and mental health,social support,and interpersonal relationships. Methods From April to June 2021,an online questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate 204medical workers from different levels of general hospitals and specialized hospitals in Shanghai by the self-made questionnaires,Connor-Davidson resilience scale,social support ratingscale,interpersonal relationship integrative diagnostic scale,and insomnia severity index,and the data were analyzed. Results The score of depression,anxiety and insomnia among 204 medical workers in Shanghai was （7.20±2.51）,（6.62±2.80） and （4.90±5.05）points,respectively,and mental health status was good. The psychological resilience was positively correlated with anxiety and depression（r=0.493,0.477,both P<0.01）,and negatively correlated with insomnia（r=-0.277,P<0.01）. The social support was positively correlated with anxiety and depression（r=0.283,0.277,both P<0.05）,and negatively correlated with insomnia（r=-0.299,P<0.01）. The interpersonal relationship was negatively correlated with anxiety and depression,and positively correlated with insomnia（r=-0.349,-0.318,0.363,all P<0.01）. The psychological resilience was negatively correlated with interpersonal relationships and positively correlated with social support（r=-0.466,0.445,both P<0.01）.The interpersonal relationship was negatively correlated with social support（r=-0.559,P<0.01）. The psychological resilience had significant mediating effect between depression,anxiety and social support,interpersonal relationship（P<0.01）,the mediating effects accounted for 100%. The social support and interpersonal relationship mainly influenced depression and anxiety through psychological resilience.The mediating effect of psychological resilience between interpersonal relationships and insomnia was not significant （P>0.05）,and there was a direct effect between interpersonal relationships and insomnia（P<0.01）,interpersonal relationships directly influenced insomnia. Conclusion The mental health of medical staff is closely related to psychological resilience,social support and interpersonal relationships,and resilience plays an important intermediary role among them.Therefore,hospital managers need to pay attention to improving the psychological resilience of medical staff,so as to better improve the mental health of medical staff.

Key words: Psychological resilience, Mental health, Social support, Interpersonal relationship, Mediation effect

中图分类号:

R395.6

沈昶邑, 徐初琛, 徐逸, 吕洞宾, 王凡, 洪武. 上海市医务人员心理健康、心理弹性、社会支持、人际关系现状及相关性. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(10): 1344-1349.

SHEN Chang-yi, XU Chu-chen, XU Yi, LYU Dong-bin, WANG Fan, HONG Wu. Status and relationship of mental health,resilience,social support and interpersonal relationship in medical staff of Shanghai. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(10): 1344-1349.

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