北京某医学院校学生握力与体成分及体力活动水平相关性分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解北京市某医学院校学生握力与优质蛋白摄入、体成分、体力活动水平间的关系,探索影响握力的因素,为如何通过加强锻炼、改善体成分、调节饮食以增强握力提供依据。方法 2021年10—12月采用分层抽样方法随机抽取北京市某医学类院校235名在校本科生及研究生,填写膳食调查问卷及体力活动量表,使用韩国JAWON IOI353体测仪通过生物电阻抗法测定体成分,使用香山EH101握力计测量握力,利用Spearman相关分析握力、体成分及体力活动水平之间的相关性。结果共收集221份有效数据,握力及格人数180人,占81.45%。不同握力水平学生的身高、体质量指数比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;不同握力水平学生的优质蛋白摄入差异无统计学意义（P<0.05）;不同握力水平学生全身体脂量、骨骼肌量、双上肢肌肉量及脂肪量比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。学生整体握力大小与全身及双上肢肌肉量呈正相关（r=0.751,P<0.01）,与体脂率呈负相关（r=-0.220,P<0.01）,与体力活动水平呈正相关（r=0.260,P<0.01）。结论北京市某医学院校学生握力水平与体成分及体力活动水平密切相关,通过增加日常体育锻炼增加全身骨骼肌量,并通过运动及饮食调节降低自身体脂率以提高握力。

关键词: 握力, 体成分, 体力活动水平, 医学高校学生

Abstract: Objective To analyze the correlation between handgrip strength and the levels of high quality protein intake,body composition and physical activity among students of a medicine college in Beijing,explore factors that affect grip strength,and provide basis for enhancing grip strength through strengthening exercise,improving body composition,and adjusting diet. Methods From October to December 2021,a total of 235 undergraduates and graduate students in a medical college in Beijing were randomly selected by stratified sampling method,then ask them to fill out a dietary questionnaire and physical activity scale. The body composition was measured by biological resistance method using JAWON instrument IOI353. The handgrip strength was measured by Xiangshan EH101. The Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation among grip strength,body composition and physical activity level. Results The valid data of 221 samples were collected,180 students had qualified handgrip strength,accounting for 81.45%. There were statistically significant differences in height,body mass index among students with different handgrip strength（all P<0.05）. The difference in the high quality protein intake was not statistically significant among students with different handgrip strength（P>0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in total body fat,skeletal muscle mass,upper limb muscle mass,and fat mass among students with different handgrip strength（all P<0.05）. The level of grip strength was positively correlated with the muscle mass of the whole body and both upper limbs（r=0.751,P<0.01）,negatively correlated with body fat percentage（r=-0.220,P<0.01）,and positively correlated with physical activity level（r=0.260,P<0.01）. Conclusion The grip strength level of students in a medical college in Beijing is closely related to their body composition and physical activity level,and students can increase overall skeletal muscle mass by increasing daily physical exercise,and reduce the body fat rate through exercise and dietary adjustment to improve grip strength.

Key words: Handgrip strength, Body composition, Physical activity levels, Students of medicine college

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺7

韩悦, 高鑫, 张烯, 周漫钰, 刘冰清, 廖艳. 北京某医学院校学生握力与体成分及体力活动水平相关性分析. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(9): 1153-1157.

HAN Yue, GAO Xin, ZHANG Xi, ZHOU Man-yu, LIU Bing-qing, LIAO Yan. Correlation between handgrip strength and body composition,physical activity level among students of a medicine college in Beijing. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(9): 1153-1157.

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