职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 1182-1186.

• 论著 • 上一篇    

心理弹性在临床护士心理健康和职业倦怠间的中介作用

杨瑞1, 李建民2, 王宇龙3, 李红梅1, 薛承景2   

  1. 1.山西医科大学汾阳学院护理系,山西 汾阳 032200;
    2.华北理工大学附属医院神经外科,河北 唐山 063000;
    3.孝义市疾病预防控制中心传染病与免疫规划科,山西 吕梁 032300
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-11 修回日期:2022-09-13 发布日期:2026-03-13
  • 通信作者: 李建民,教授,E-mail:yangruiao@163.com
  • 作者简介:杨瑞,女,讲师,主要从事护理教育工作。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省基础课题研究项目(361036); 吕梁市重点实验室研究项目(2020ZDSYS15)

Intermediary role of resilience between mental health and job burnout of clinical nurses

YANG Rui1, LI Jian-min2, WANG Yu-long3, LI Hong-mei1, XUE Cheng-jing2   

  1. 1. Department of Nursing,Fenyang College,Shanxi Medical University,Fenyang Shanxi 032200,China;
    2. Department of Neurosurgery,Hospital Affiliated to North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan Hebei 063000,China;
    3. Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunization Planning,Disease Control and Prevention Center of Xiaoyi City,XiaoyiShanxi 032300,China
  • Received:2022-08-11 Revised:2022-09-13 Published:2026-03-13
  • Contact: LI Jian-min,Professor,E-mail:yangruiao@163.com

摘要: 目的 了解临床一线护士心理弹性、心理健康和职业倦怠现状,分析心理弹性在心理健康和职业倦怠间的中介作用。方法 2020年4—7月通过方便抽样法,使用自行设计的问卷、心理弹性问卷、心理健康问卷和职业倦怠量表对华北理工大学附属医院358名临床护士进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 护士心理弹性得分为(62.16±15.52)分,心理健康得分为(14.55±3.60)分,职业倦怠总分为(50.32±10.89)分;不同婚育状况、护理执业态度的临床护士职业倦怠得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同学历、对护理工作的态度、月收入的护士心理健康得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同性别、工龄、月收入、职称的护士心理弹性得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。护士心理健康总分与职业倦怠总分呈负相关(r=-0.530,P<0.05);心理弹性总分与职业倦怠总分呈负相关(r=-0.556,P<0.05);心理弹性、心理健康及护士婚姻状况和对护理工作的态度可解释职业倦怠变异的45.3%。结论 华北理工大学附属医院358名临床护士心理弹性水平与一般心理健康是影响职业倦怠状况的重要因子,心理弹性在心理健康与职业倦怠间发挥部分中介作用。

关键词: 临床护士, 心理弹性, 心理健康, 职业倦怠

Abstract: Objective To explore the current situation of psychological resilience,mental health and job burnout of clinical front-line nurses,analyze the mediating role of resilience between mental health and job burnout. Methods From April to July 2020,358 clinical nurses in the Hospital Affiliated to North China University of Science and Technology were investigated by convenience sampling method with the self-designed questionnaire,Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC),general health questionnaire(GHQ-20) and Maslach burnout inventory general survey(MBI-GS),and the data were analyzed. Results The score of resilience in nurses was (62.16±15.52)points,the score of mental health was (14.55±3.60)points,and the total score of job burnout was (50.32±10.89)points. There were statistically significant differences in job burnout scores among nurses with different marital status and nursing work attitude(all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in mental health scores of nurses with different deucaltional backgrounds,nursing work attitude and monthly income(all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in psychological resilience scores of nurese with different gender,length of service,monthly incorne and professional title(all P<0.05). The total score of mental health in nurses was negatively correlated with total score of job burnout(r=-0.530,P<0.05),and the total score of resilience was negatively correlated with total score of job burnout(r=-0.556,P<0.05). The psychological resilience,mental health and nurses' marital status and attitudes towards nursing work could explain 45.3% of the variation of job burnout. Conclusion The psychological resilience and general mental health are important influencing factors of job burnout among 358 clinical nurses in the Hospital Affiliated to North China University of Science and Technology,and psychological resilience plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between mental health and job burnout.

Key words: Clinical nurse, Psychological resilience, Mental health, Job burnout

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