2017—2021年乌鲁木齐市生活饮用水水质监测结果

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解乌鲁木齐市居民生活饮用水水质卫生状况,发现风险指标,为乌鲁木齐市制定科学的饮水安全管理策略以及改善居民生活饮用水水质提供参考依据。方法依照 GB/T 5750—2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》分别对903份水样的监测结果进行水质分析,依据GB 5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》对检测结果进行评价。结果 2017—2021年乌鲁木齐市共检测903份水样,总体合格率为79.97%,出厂水、管网末梢水和二次供水合格率分别为81.33%、79.23%和72.29%,差异有统计学意义（χ²=6.311,P<0.05）;总体合格率枯水期为75.51%,丰水期为78.73%,差异无统计学意义（χ²=1.311,P>0.05）;连续5年监测微生物指标、毒理指标、感官和一般化学指标、消毒剂指标不合格率分别为3.83%、0.56%、6.44%和17.76%,差异有统计学意义（χ²=224.996,P<0.05）。不同类型水质主要不合格指标为游离余氯、浑浊度、臭和味、菌落总数和总大肠菌群,其中出厂水不合格率分别为16.22%、2.70%、0、0和0（χ²=27.903,P<0.05）,管网末梢水不合格率分别为16.36%、2.22%、1.21%、1.83%和1.62%（χ²=191.864,P<0.05）,二次供水不合格率分别为20.18%、3.31%、5.12%、2.51%和0.94%（χ²=133.664,P<0.05）,差异均有统计学意义。结论乌鲁木齐市生活饮用水卫生质量还有待提高,二次供水存在着较大安全隐患,消毒剂、感官和一般化学指标是饮用水监测关键指标。

关键词: 生活饮用水, 水质, 监测, 指标

Abstract: Objective To understand the sanitary status of drinking water quality for residents in Urumqi,find out the risk indexes,and provide reference for Urumqi to make scientific safety management strategy and improve the quality of drinking water for residents. Methods The water quality of 903 samples of drinking water was analyzed according to Standard test methods for drinking water（GB/T 5750-2006）,and the results were evaluated according to the Hygienic standard for drinking water（GB 5749-2006）. Results From 2017 to 2021,903 water samples were detected in Urumqi,and the overall qualified rate was 79.97%. The qualified rates of factory water,tap water and secondary water supply were 81.33%,79.23% and 72.29% respectively,there was a statistically significant difference（χ²=6.311,P<0.05）. The overall qualified rate was 75.51% in dry season and 78.73% in wet season,and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=1.311,P>0.05）. The unqualified rate of microbial index,toxicological index,sensory index,general chemical index and disinfectant index for five consecutive years were 3.83%,0.56%,6.44% and 17.76% respectively,and the difference was statistically significant（χ²=224.996,P<0.05）. The main unqualified indexes for different types of water quality were free residual chlorine,turbidity,odor and taste,total number of colony and total coliform group,the unqualified rate of these indexes in factory water was respectively 16.22%,2.70%,0,0 and 0（χ²=27.903,P<0.05）,the unqualified rate in pipe network water was respectively 16.36%,2.22%,1.21%,1.83% and 1.62%（χ²=191.864,P<0.05）,the unqualified rate in secondary water supply was respectively 20.18%,3.31%,5.12%,2.51% and 0.94%（χ²=133.664,P<0.05）,and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion The sanitary quality of drinking water in Urumqi needs to be improved,and there is a hidden danger in secondary water supply,and disinfectant,sensory and general chemical index are the key indexes for drinking water monitoring.

Key words: Drinking water, Water Quality, Monitoring, Indexes

中图分类号:

R123.1

张小红, 朱婷. 2017—2021年乌鲁木齐市生活饮用水水质监测结果. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(9): 1233-1236.

ZHANG Xiao-hong, ZHU Ting. Monitoring results of drinking water quality in Urumqi from 2017-2021. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(9): 1233-1236.

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