2016—2022年新疆大气污染物时空分布特征

职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (7): 949-954.

2016—2022年新疆大气污染物时空分布特征

曹可¹, 窦岚¹, 李梦¹, 王永治¹, 范玉玺², 张世显³

1.新疆第二医学院公共卫生学院,新疆克拉玛依 834000;
2.克拉玛依市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,新疆克拉玛依 834000;
3.克拉玛依市卫生监督所医疗机构监督科,新疆克拉玛依 834000

收稿日期:2023-08-05 修回日期:2023-08-21 出版日期:2024-04-01 发布日期:2026-03-16
通信作者: 张世显,初级公卫医师,E-mail：787660282@qq.com
作者简介:曹可,女,讲师,主要从事环境卫生学研究工作。
基金资助:
2022年新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目（XJEDU2022P146）; 大学生创新创业训练计划项目国家级一般项目（202313560008）; 新疆第二医学院2022年科研启动基金项目（QK202212）

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of air pollutants in Xinjiang from 2016 to 2022

CAO Ke¹, DOU Lan¹, LI Meng¹, WANG Yongzhi¹, FAN Yuxi², ZHANG Shixian³

1. School of Public Health,Xinjiang Second Medical College,Karamay Xinjiang,834000, China;
2. Department of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control,Karamay Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Karamay Xinjiang,834000, China;
3. Medical Institution Supervision Department,Karamay Health Supervision Bureau,Karamay Xinjiang,834000, China

Received:2023-08-05 Revised:2023-08-21 Online:2024-04-01 Published:2026-03-16
Contact: ZHANG Shixian,Physician,E-mail：787660282@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析2016—2022年新疆可吸入颗粒物（inhalable particle,PM₁₀）、细颗粒物（fine particle,PM_2.5）、NO₂、SO、CO和O₃的时空分布特征,为新疆大气污染防治、环保策略制定等方面提供参考。方法收集整理2016—2022年国控点监测数据,分析新疆各污染物年均、月均及各区域分布特征。结果新疆近7年空气质量整体向好,PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂和CO年均浓度整体呈下降趋势,降幅分别为20.04%、24.57%、50.15%、22.56%和33.68%,O₃年均浓度无明显变化。PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、NO₂和CO月均浓度呈“U”型分布,表现为春冬季高、夏季低,O₃呈月均浓度呈倒“U”型分布,表现为夏季高、冬季低。PM₁₀和PM_2.5达标天数呈上升趋势,而O₃达标天数呈下降趋势。新疆各污染物浓度分布具有明显的南北差异性,南疆PM₁₀、PM_2.5、SO₂、CO和O₃浓度高于东疆和北疆,呈现由南向北递减的格局,而NO₂高浓度集中在北疆乌鲁木齐市。结论 2016—2022年新疆空气质量逐渐改善,但仍存在PM₁₀、PM_2.5和O₃日均浓度超标现象,今后新疆应重点关注大气颗粒物和O₃污染协同控制和区域协同治理。

关键词: 大气污染物, 时空分布, 新疆

Abstract: Objective To analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of inhalable particle（PM₁₀）,fine particle（PM_2.5）,NO₂,SO₂,CO and O₃ in Xinjiang from 2016 to 2022,and to provide reference for air pollution prevention and environmental protection strategy formulation in Xinjiang. Methods The national air quality monitoring sites data in Xinjiang from 2016 to 2022 were collected,and the annual,monthly and regional distribution characteristics of the various pollutants were analyzed. Results Ambient air quality in Xinjiang has been improving over the past seven years. The average annual concentrations of PM₁₀,PM_2.5,SO₂,NO₂ and CO have shown a downward trend,with declines of 20.04%,24.57%,50.15%,22.56% and 33.68%,respectively. The average annual concentration of O₃ was not significantly changed. The monthly average concentrations of PM₁₀,PM_2.5,SO₂,NO₂ and CO were in the form of "U",with higher concentrations in spring and winter than in summer. And the monthly average concentration of O₃ showed an inverted "U" distribution,with higher concentrations in summer than in winter. Days with PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 reaching the standard showed an increased trend,whereas day with O₃ reaching the standard showed a declined trend. The concentration distribution of various pollutants in Xinjiang showed significant north-south differences. The average annual concentrations of PM₁₀,PM_2.5,SO₂,CO and O₃ in southern Xinjiang were higher than those in eastern and northern Xinjiang,showing a pattern of decreasing from south to north. The average annual concentration of NO₂ was the highest in Urumqi,northern Xinjiang. Conclusion Air quality of Xinjiang has improved year by year in 2016-2022,but the phenomenon of PM₁₀,PM_2.5 and O₃ exceeding the standard still exists. In the future,Xinjiang should focus on the synchronous control of particulate matter and O₃,as well as regional coordinated governance.

Key words: Air pollutants, Temporal and spatial distribution, Xinjiang

中图分类号:

R122.7

曹可, 窦岚, 李梦, 王永治, 范玉玺, 张世显. 2016—2022年新疆大气污染物时空分布特征. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(7): 949-954.

CAO Ke, DOU Lan, LI Meng, WANG Yongzhi, FAN Yuxi, ZHANG Shixian. Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of air pollutants in Xinjiang from 2016 to 2022. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(7): 949-954.

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