2006—2023年韶关市职业病报告情况分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析2006—2023年职业病的流行病学特征,为政府相关部门制定政策提供技术支撑。方法通过国家“职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统”收集2006—2023年职业病病例资料,对其分布特征进行流行病学统计分析。结果 2006—2023年韶关市共报告职业病五大类641例,主要以职业性尘肺病及其他呼吸系统疾病为主,其次为职业性化学中毒和职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病,分别占93.3%、3.3%和3.0%;男性629例,占98.1%。发病平均年龄为（60.5±13.3）岁;发病平均接害工龄为（15.4±8.9）年;报告病例数在2011年最高,其次为2012和2013年。病例所在企业行业分布以采矿业最高,84.7%,企业经济类型为国有经济企业,占71.5%,规模为中型企业,占70.2%。职业性尘肺病以矽肺和煤工尘肺病例为主,分别占49.9%和48.7%,期别主要为贰期和叁期,均占34.7%,行业分布前3位分别为采矿业、建筑业和制造业,各占89.6%、5.7%和3.4%。结论韶关市职业病报告以尘肺病为主,主要为矽肺和煤工尘肺,且晋期病例较多,韶关市职业病防治形势仍不容乐观,尘肺病仍然是韶关市的主要职业病,应重视对粉尘、噪声和化学毒物的综合治理。

关键词: 职业病, 尘肺病, 流行病学, 发病特征

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of occupational diseases from 2006 to 2023,and provide technical support for relevant government departments to formulate policies. Methods The data of occupational disease cases from 2006 to 2023 were collected through the national "Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Information Monitoring",and the distribution characteristics were analyzed epidemiologically. Results From 2006 to 2023,a total of 641 cases occupational diseases in 5 major categorieswere reported in Shaoguan City,mainly including occupational pneumoconiosis and other respiratory diseases,followed by occupational chemical poisoning and occupational ear,nose throat,and oral diseases,accounting for 93.3%,3.3%,and 3.0% respectively. 629 cases male,accounting for 98.1%. The average age of onset was （60.5±13.3）years,the average duration exposure to harmful factors was （15.4±8.9）years. The number of reported cases was highest in 2011,followed by 2012 and 2013. The industry distribution of the enterprises where the cases were located was mainly in the mining industry（84.7%）,the economic type of the enterprises was mainly state-owned enterprises（71.5%）,and the scale was mainly medium-sized enterprises（70.2%）. Occupational pneumoconiosis was mainly silicosis and coal workers' pneumoconiosis,accounting for 49.9% and 48.7,respectively. The main stages were stage II and stage III,each accounting for 34.7%. The top three industries were mining,construction,and manufacturing accounting for 89.6%,5.7%,and 3.4%,respectively. Conclusion The reported occupational diseases in Shaoguan City mainly focus on pneumoconiosis,mainly silicosis and coal workers' pneumoconiosis,and there are many advanced stage cases. The situation of occupational disease prevention control in Shaoguan City is still not optimistic,and pneumoconiosis is still the main occupational disease in Shaoguan City. Comprehensive management of dust,noise,and chemical toxins should be emphasized.

Key words: Occupational disease, Pneumoconiosis, Epidemiology, Characteristics of onset

中图分类号:

R135.2

陈立基, 陈存秋. 2006—2023年韶关市职业病报告情况分析. [J]职业与健康, 2025, 41(14): 1993-1997.

CHEN Liji, CHEN Cunqiu. Analysis of Occupational Disease Reports in Shaoguan City from 2006 to 2023. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2025, 41(14): 1993-1997.

参考文献

[1] 刘明,温贤忠,王姝,等.广东省2011—2020年新发职业性尘肺病流行病学特征分析[J].中国职业医学,2023,50(4):472-475.
[2] 黄伟乐,黄河海,许姝丽,等.新时代中国职业卫生工作现状及应对策略[J].职业卫生与应急救援,2024,42(3):407-412.
[3] 国家卫生计生委.国家卫生计生委等4部门关于印发《职业病分类和目录》的通知:国卫疾控发〔2013〕48号[EB/OL].(2013-12-30)[2023-01-20].http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s5898b/201312/3abbd667050849d19b3bf6439a48b775.shtml.
[4] 国家统计局. 2017年国民经济行业分类:GB/T 4754—2017[S/OL].(2017-06-30)[2023-01-30].http://www.stats.gov.cn/xxgk/tjbz/gjtjbz/201710/t20171017_1758922.html.
[5] 国家统计局.关于印发《统计上大中小微型企业划分办法(2017)》的通知[S/OL].(2017-12-28)[2023-01-30].https://www.stats.gov.cn/xxgk/tjbz/gjtjbz/202008/t20200811_1782335.html.
[6] 罗燕,王村建,尹颀,等.2006—2020年重庆市涪陵区职业病发病情况分析[J].职业卫生与病伤,2022,37(1):10-14,18.
[7] 林述连. 2006—2021年三明市职业病发病情况分析[J].职业与健康,2024,40(1):122-126.
[8] 金蕾,唐天统.2010—2020年海南省职业病发病情况及趋势分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2021,22(9):720-725.
[9] 于慧敏,张璞,刘军.2012—2021年乌鲁木齐市职业病发病情况分析[J].职业与健康,2022,38(24):3313-3317.
[10] 黄邵玲,刘艳,李杰,等.2006—2022年长沙市新发职业病情况分析[J].中国工业医学杂志,2023,36(4):342-345.
[11] 冯简青. 2001—2017年中山市职业病发病情况分析及对策[J].中国工业医学杂志,2019,32(1):53-55.
[12] 陈艳芹,贾丽丽,傅真真,等.山东省2006—2016年新发职业病发病特征分析[J].中国职业医学,2018,45(6):805-808.
[13] 国家卫生健康委职业健康司.推进尘肺病康复站(点)建设[J].健康中国观察,2020(11):44.
[14] HUANG H B,HUANG J L,XU X T,et al.Serum neuron-specific enolase:A promising biomarker of silicosis[J].World J Clin Cases,2021,9(5):1016-1025.
[15] 韩松峰. 2009—2018年鞍山地区职业病发病情况[J].工业卫生与职业病,2020,462(2):118-121.
[16] 唐敏珠. 无锡市2013—2017年新发职业病分析[J].中国职业医学,2019,46(3):400-402.
[17] 阳慧萍,陈芳,谢乐云,等.韶关市2006—2015年职业病报告分析[J].中国职业医学,2017,44(4):524-526,530.
[18] 张云鹏,郭斐斐,晋超.2017—2020年晋城市新诊断职业病流行病学特征分析[J].中国工业医学杂志,2022,35(5):448-450.