南宁市职业健康机构医务人员尘肺病相关职业健康素养分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解南宁市职业健康机构医务人员尘肺病相关职业健康素养水平,为政府部门制定健康促进政策提供依据。方法 2023年采用分层整群抽样相结合方法抽取南宁市职业健康机构医务人员364人,通过采用一对一面对面访谈、专题小组讨论、线上电子问卷调查等方式收集尘肺病相关职业健康素养答题数据,并对数据进行分析。结果南宁市职业健康机构医务人员尘肺病相关职业健康素养为76.92%;职业健康法律知识、尘肺病相关基本知识、尘肺病相关职业健康保护基本技能及尘肺病相关健康工作方式和行为4个维度职业健康素养水平依次为82.97%、87.91%、81.04%和95.05%。现居住地和从事尘肺病工作的工龄均是尘肺病相关职业健康素养水平的影响因素（均P<0.05）,其中相对现居住地为农村的医务人员,城镇的医务人员尘肺病相关职业健康素养水平提高3.51倍（OR=3.51）;相对未从事尘肺病工作的医务人员,工龄<5年和工龄≥5年的医务人员尘肺病相关职业健康素养水平分别提高1.91和5.46倍（OR=1.91、5.46）。结论南宁市职业健康机构医务人员尘肺病相关职业健康素养高于2022年全国重点人群职业健康素养水平,但职业健康保护技能仍相对薄弱、城镇与农村水平不均衡。今后应将农村地区医务人员和新入职人员列为重点培训对象,着重加强职业健康保护基本技能培训,不断提高医务人员尘肺病相关职业健康素养,从而提升职业健康机构对尘肺病患者管理水平,进而提升南宁市尘肺病患者防治与管理整体效果。

关键词: 南宁市, 医务人员, 尘肺病, 职业健康素养

Abstract: Objective To understand the level of occupational health literacy related to pneumoconiosis among medical staff in occupational health institutions in Nanning City,and to provide a basis for government departments to formulate health promotion policies. Methods In 2023,a combined method of stratified cluster sampling was used to select 364 medical personnel from occupational health institutions in Nanning City. The data of occupational health literacy related to pneumoconiosis were collected by one-to-one face-to-face interview,focus group discussion and online electronic questionnaire surveys and other methods,and the data were analyzed. Results The occupational health literacy related to pneumoconiosis among medical staff in occupational health institutions in Nanning City was 76.92%. The levels of occupational health literacy across four dimensions：legal knowledge of occupational health,basic knowledge about pneumoconiosis,basic skills of occupational health protection related to pneumoconiosis,and health work methods and behaviors related to pneumoconiosis were 82.97%,87.91%,81.04%,and 95.05%,respectively. The current place of residence and length of service engaged in pneumoconiosis work were both factors affecting the level of occupational health literacy related to pneumoconiosis（both P<0.05）. Compared to medical personnel currently residing in rural areas,the level of occupational health literacy related to pneumoconiosis among medical personnel in urban areas had increased to 3.51 times（OR=3.51）. Compared to medical personnel who had not worked on pneumoconiosis,the occupational health literacy levels related to pneumoconiosis among medical personnel with less than 5 years of service and those with more than 5 years of service had increased to 1.91 and 5.46 times respectively（OR=1.91 and 5.46）. Conclusion The occupational health literacy concerning pneumoconiosis among medical staff in occupational health institutions in Nanning City was higher than the national level for key populations in 2022. However,occupational health protection skills were still relatively weak,and there was an imbalance between urban and rural areas. In the future,medical staff and new recruits in rural areas should be listed as the key training targets,with a focus on strengthening basic skills training for occupational health protection,continuously improving the occupational health literacy of medical personnel related to pneumoconiosis,thereby enhancing the management level of occupational health institutions for pneumoconiosis patients,and ultimately improving the overall effectiveness of prevention,treatment,and management of pneumoconiosis patients in Nanning City.

Key words: Nanning City, Medical personnel, Pneumoconiosis, Occupational health literacy

中图分类号:

R192

王芸芸, 李小媛, 卢静梅, 李珏, 覃念虚, 黄菊. 南宁市职业健康机构医务人员尘肺病相关职业健康素养分析. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(16): 2241-2245.

WANG Yunyun, LI Xiaoyuan, LU Jingmei, LI Jue, QIN Nianxu, HUNAG Ju. Analysis on occupational health literacy related to pneumoconiosis among medical staff in occupational health institutions in Nanning City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(16): 2241-2245.

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