2020—2022年上海市浦东新区市售食品中致病菌检测结果分析

职业与健康 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (16): 2290-2293.

2020—2022年上海市浦东新区市售食品中致病菌检测结果分析

张安冉¹, 张戈², 陈家凤¹, 邬永明¹, 叶楚楚¹, 朱渭萍¹

1.上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心急性传染病防治科,上海 200136;
2.大理大学公共卫生学院,云南大理 671003

收稿日期:2023-12-12 修回日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2026-03-17
通信作者: 朱渭萍,主任医师,E-mail：junnybaby@126.com;叶楚楚,副主任医师,E-mail：cynthia-cloth@163.com
作者简介:张安冉,女,医师,主要从事急性传染病的预防与控制工作。
基金资助:
2021年上海市浦东新区公卫高峰学科“传染病”项目（PWYggf2021-01）

Analysis on detection results of pathogenic bacteria in market-sold food in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2020 to 2022

ZHANG Anran¹, ZHANG Ge², CHEN Jiafeng¹, WU Yongming¹, YE Chuchu¹, ZHU Weiping¹

1. Acute Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Department, Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200136, China;
2. School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, China

Received:2023-12-12 Revised:2024-01-15 Published:2026-03-17
Contact: ZHU Weiping,Chief physician,E-mail：junnybaby@126.com;YE Chuchu,Associate chief physician,E-mail：cynthia-cloth@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解上海市浦东新区市售食品中致病菌的污染状况,为加强食品安全监管、制定食物中毒和食源性疾病防治策略提供参考依据。方法 2020—2022年,每月在浦东新区采集六大类市售食品,开展常见的致病菌检验,分析不同时间、种类食品的致病菌检出情况及其分型结果。结果 3 081份食品样本中共检出致病菌阳性样本672份,检出率为21.81%。共检出5种致病菌,其中副溶血性弧菌的检出率最高（9.06%）,其次为单增李斯特菌（7.34%）和沙门菌（5.00%）,不同种类致病菌的检出率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ²=993.795,P<0.05）。禽畜类食品致病菌检出率（34.32%）显著高于水产品（20.85%）及其他种类食品,乳制品类未检出致病菌,不同类别食品的致病菌检出率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ²=240.230,P<0.05）。2020—2022年的检出率分别为24.87%、19.54%和22.22%,各年度间致病菌检出率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ²=9.390,P<0.05）。不同季节之间检出率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ²=12.983,P<0.05）,其中以夏季的检出率最高（28.02%）。沙门菌血清型居前3位的是肠炎型、鼠伤寒型和德尔卑型。结论 2020—2022年上海市浦东新区市售食品中存在致病菌污染,应加强监督管理,以便采取针对性措施预防和控制食物中毒和食源性疾病的发生和流行。

关键词: 食品, 致病菌, 风险监测, 食品安全

Abstract: Objective To understand the contamination status of pathogenic bacteria in market-sold food in Pudong New Area of Shanghai,and provide scientific basis for strengthening food safety supervision and formulating prevention and control strategies for food poisoning and foodborne diseases. Methods From 2020 to 2022,six major categories of commercially available food were collected monthly in Pudong New Area for testing of common pathogenic bacteria,and compare the detection and typing results of pathogenic bacteria in different types and times of food. Results Pathogenic bacteria were detected in 672 of 3 081 food samples,and the detection rate was 21.81%.A total of 5 pathogenic bacteria were detected,in which the detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the highest（9.06%）,followed by Listeria monocytogenes（7.34%） and Salmonella（5.00%）,the detection rates of different types of pathogenic bacteria showed statistical significance（χ²=993.795,P<0.05）.The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in poultry and livestock food（34.32%） was significantly higher than that in aquatic products（20.85%） and other types of food,no pathogenic bacteria were detected in dairy products,and there was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria among different types of food（χ²=240.230,P<0.05）.The detection rates of poultry and livestock food from 2020 to 2022 were 24.87%,19.54%,and 22.22%,respectively,and there was a statistically significant difference in the detection rates of pathogenic bacteria among different years（χ²=9.390,P<0.05）. Comparison of detection rates between different seasons showed statistically significant differences（χ²=12.983,P<0.05）,with the highest detection rate in summer（28.02%）. The top three serotypes of Salmonella were S. enterica,S. typhimurium and S. derby. Conclusion There is a high proportion of pathogenic bacteria contamination in commercial food in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. The supervision and management should be strengthened in order to take targeted measures to prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of food poisoning and foodborne diseases.

Key words: Food, Pathogenic bacteria, Risk monitoring, Food safety

中图分类号:

R155.5

张安冉, 张戈, 陈家凤, 邬永明, 叶楚楚, 朱渭萍. 2020—2022年上海市浦东新区市售食品中致病菌检测结果分析. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(16): 2290-2293.

ZHANG Anran, ZHANG Ge, CHEN Jiafeng, WU Yongming, YE Chuchu, ZHU Weiping. Analysis on detection results of pathogenic bacteria in market-sold food in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2020 to 2022. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(16): 2290-2293.

参考文献

[1] JENSENA K,NIELSEN E M,BJÖKMAN J T,et al.Whole-genome sequencing used to investigate a nationwide outbreak of Listeriosis caused by ready-to-eat delicatessen meat,Denmark,2014[J].Clin Infect Dis,2016,63(1):192.
[2] DONACHIE A,MELILLO T,BUBBA L,et al.National outbreak of Salmonella Give linked to a local food manufacturer in Malta,October 2016[J].Epidemiol Infect,2018,146(11):1425-1432.
[3] WU Y N,LIU X M,CHEN Q,et al.Surveillance for foodborne disease outbreaks in China,2003 to 2008[J].Food Control,2018,84:382-388.
[4] 黄欣迪,涂晓波,亓双,等.食源性致病菌的检测方法及其发展趋势[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2016,7(12):7.
[5] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验沙门氏菌检验:GB 4789.4—2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016:1-43.
[6] 中华人民共和国卫生部.食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验副溶血性弧菌检验:GB 4789.7—2013[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013:1-5.
[7] 中华人民共和国卫生部.食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌检验:GB 4789.30—2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016:1-17.
[8] 中华人民共和国卫生部.食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌检验:GB 4789.8—2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016:1.
[9] 中华人民共和国卫生部.食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验空肠弯曲菌检验:GB 4789.9—2014[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014:1-10.
[10] 中华人民共和国卫生部.食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验志贺氏菌检验:GB 4789.5—2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012:1-14.
[11] 中华人民共和国卫生部.食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验致泻大肠埃希氏菌检验:GB 4789.6—2016[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016:1-24.
[12] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.进出口食品中嗜水气单胞菌检测方法:SN/T 0751—2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010:1-11.
[13] 范春梅,张誉,宋阳,等.2020年四川省市售食品中15类主要食源性致病菌污染状况监测分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2022,38(6):832-837.
[14] 高雅,李雁飞,李彩云,等.2019年—2021年承德市食品安全风险监测结果分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2023,33(14):1778-1781.
[15] 周虓. 全国肉类及水产品食源性致病菌污染现况[J].热带医学杂志,2014,14(3):402-404,407.
[16] 陈玉凤,潘微,栾明春,等.2017—2019年大连市食源性疾病监测结果分析[J].职业与健康,2021,37(11):1473-1477.
[17] 翁琴云. 厦门市水产品中副溶血性弧菌和溶藻弧菌的污染状况研究[J].现代食品,2022,28(8):180-182,201.
[18] 高蕾,陈黎霞,高雯洁,等.2021年嘉兴市食源性致病菌监测结果分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2022,32(19):2402-2405.
[19] 吴宪. 我国食品沙门氏菌污染率与引起的发病率统计分析[D].大连:大连理工大学,2021.
[20] 白明焕,刘桂丹,万姿廷,等.2020—2021年四川省自贡市食品中沙门氏菌的污染及耐药性研究[J].河南预防医学杂志,2022,33(10):799-803.
[21] 孙婷婷,任时,李雪,等.辽宁省食品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌污染调查分析[J].中国微生态学杂志,2022,34(5):536-539,543.
[22] 王珥梅,陈宝林,盛军利,等.常州地区市售食品常见食源性致病菌污染情况分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2023,34(1):83-85.