情绪劳动和职业倦怠在血液透析室护士个人-工作契合度与心理健康间的多重中介作用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨情绪劳动和职业倦怠在血液透析室（血透室）护士个人-工作契合度与心理健康间的多重中介作用。方法采用方便抽样法,于2023年5—7月抽取四川省6家三级甲等医院血透室154名一线临床护士作为研究对象,采用一般情况量表、情绪劳动量表、职业倦怠量表、个人-工作契合度量表和心理健康量表进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果血透室护士情绪得分为（51.33±8.84）分,职业倦怠得分为（62.09±12.74）分,个人-工作契合度得分为（62.48±12.38）分,心理健康得分为（13.84±2.46）分。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、工作年限、职称和每月值夜班次数的血透室护士个人-工作契合度得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;不同年龄、学历、工作年限、职称、婚姻状况、月收入和每月值夜班次数的血透室护士心理健康得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。心理健康与情绪劳动、职业倦怠均呈负相关（r=-0.634、-0.611,均P<0.01）,与个人-工作契合度呈正相关（r=0.584,P<0.01）,情绪劳动与职业倦怠呈正相关（r=0.548,P<0.01）,个人-工作契合度与情绪劳动、职业倦怠均呈负相关（r=-0.608、-0.526,均P<0.01）。情绪劳动在个人-工作契合度和心理健康间的中介效应为0.259,占总效应的22.33%;职业倦怠在个人-工作契合度和心理健康之间的中介效应为0.293,占总效应的25.26%;情绪劳动和职业倦怠在个人-工作契合度和心理健康间起链式中介效应为0.116,占总效应的10.00%。结论血透室护士的个人-工作契合度可以分别通过情绪劳动、职业倦怠的中介作用、情绪劳动和职业倦怠的链式中介作用间接影响其心理健康。

关键词: 血液透析室, 护士, 情绪劳动, 职业倦怠, 个人-工作契合度, 心理健康, 多重中介作用

Abstract: Objective To explore the multiple mediating effects of emotional labor and job burnout between personal work fit and mental health of nurses in hemodialysis room. Methods A total of 154 front-line clinical nurses in hemodialysis rooms of 6 tertiary grade A hospitals in Sichuan Province were selected as the research objects by convenient sampling method from May to July 2023. The general situation scale,emotional labor scale,job burnout scale,personal work fit scale and mental health scale were used to investigate,and the data were analyzed. Results The emotional score of nurses in hemodialysis room was（51.33±8.84）points,job burnout score was（62.09±12.74）points,personal work fit score was（62.48±12.38）points,mental health score was（13.84±2.46）points. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the individual work fit scores of hemodialysis room nurses with different ages,working years,professional titles and monthly night shifts（all P<0.05）. The mental health scores of hemodialysis room nurses with different ages,educational qualifications,working years,professional titles,marital status,monthly income and the number of night shifts per month were compared,and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. Mental health was negatively correlated with emotional labor and job burnout（r=-0.634,-0.611,both P<0.01）,and positively correlated with personal work fit（r=0.584,P<0.01）. Emotional labor was positively correlated with job burnout（r=0.548,P<0.01）,and personal work fit was negatively correlated with emotional labor and job burnout（r=-0.608,-0.526,both P<0.01）. The mediating effect of emotional labor between personal work fit and mental health was 0.259,accounting for 22.33% of the total effect. The mediating effect of job burnout between personal work fit and mental health was 0.293,accounting for 25.26% of the total effect. The chain mediating effect of emotional labor and job burnout between personal work fit and mental health was 0.116,accounting for 10.00% of the total effect. Conclusion The personal work fit of nurses in hemodialysis room can indirectly affect their mental health through the mediating effect of emotional labor and job burnout,and the chain mediating effect of emotional labor and job burnout,respectively.

Key words: Hemodialysis room, Nurses, Emotional labor, Job burnout, Personal work fit, Mental health, Multiple mediations

中图分类号:

R181.3⁺1

赵素, 姚瑶, 王婷. 情绪劳动和职业倦怠在血液透析室护士个人-工作契合度与心理健康间的多重中介作用. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(17): 2331-2336.

ZHAO Su, YAO Yao, WANG Ting. Multiple mediating effects of emotional labor and job burnout between personal work fit and mental health of hemodialysis nurses. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(17): 2331-2336.

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