情绪劳动策略在临床护士心理资本与共情疲劳间的中介效应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨表层扮演和深层扮演2种情绪劳动策略在护士心理资本与共情疲劳关系中的不同作用。方法利用“问卷星”在线调查法,于2022年4—6月采用自制一般资料调查表、心理资本问卷、护士情绪劳动量表、共情疲劳简短量表对江苏省南通市260名临床护士进行问卷调查。利用SPSS 23.0进行统计描述和相关分析,PROCESS 3.5插件进行中介效应检验。结果护士心理资本总均分为（4.85±0.47）分,共情疲劳总均分为（2.77±0.63）分,表层扮演总均分为（2.37±0.70）分,深层扮演总均分为（4.77±0.69）分。心理资本及各维度与共情疲劳及各维度和表层扮演均呈负相关,与深层扮演均呈正相关;共情疲劳及其各维度与深层扮演均呈负相关,与表层扮演均呈正相关（均P<0.01）。回归分析显示,表层扮演和深层扮演在心理资本与共情疲劳间均具有中介作用,但两者的效应相反（表层扮演：β=0.621,P<0.01;深层扮演：β=-0.244,P<0.01）。2条路径的总中介效应为-0.759（95%CI：-1.015~-0.529）,占总效应的76.36%。结论心理资本不仅可以直接作用于护士的共情疲劳,还可以通过情绪劳动间接影响共情疲劳。管理者可通过采取针对性的干预策略提升护士的心理资本和深层扮演,减少表层扮演行为,进而缓解其共情疲劳。

关键词: 临床护士, 心理资本, 情绪劳动, 共情疲劳, 中介效应

Abstract: Objective To explore the different mediating effects of two emotional labors,including surface acting and deep acting,on the relationship between nurses' psychological capital and compassion fatigue. Methods By using the "Questionnaire Star" online survey method,260 clinical nurses in Nantong City of Jiangsu Province were investigated with the general information questionnaire,the psychological capital questionnaire,the emotional labor scale for nurses and compassion fatigue short scale From April to June 2022. SPSS 23.0 was used for statistical description and correlation analysis. PROCESS 3.5 plug-in was used for mediation effect test. Results The total average score of psychological capital of nurses was （4.85±0.47）points,the total average score of compassion fatigue was （2.77±0.63）points,the total average score of surface acting was （2.37±0.70）points,and the total average score of deep acting was （4.77±0.69）points. The psychological capital and its dimensions were negatively correlated with compassion fatigue and its dimensions,and surface acting,while positively correlated with deep acting. The compassion fatigue and its dimensions were negatively correlated with deep acting,while positively correlated with surface acting（all P<0.01）. The regression analysis showed that both surface acting and deep acting mediated between psychological capital and compassion fatigue,but their effects were opposite（surface acting：β=0.621,P<0.01;deep acting：β=-0.244,P<0.01）. The total mediating effect of the two pathways was -0.759（95%CI：-1.015--0.529）,accounting for 76.36% of the total effect. Conclusions The psychological capital can not only directly affect compassion fatigue of nurses,but also indirectly affect compassion fatigue through emotional labor. The managers can take targeted intervention strategies to improve nurses' psychological capital and deep acting,reduce surface acting,and then alleviate their compassion fatigue.

Key words: Clinical nurse, Psychological capital, Emotional labor, Compassion fatigue, Mediating effect

中图分类号:

R395.6

陆君军, 曹雪晴, 杨春霞, 何敏, 徐生宇. 情绪劳动策略在临床护士心理资本与共情疲劳间的中介效应. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(13): 1792-1796.

LU Junjun, CAO Xueqing, YANG Chunxia, HE Min, XU Shengyu. Mediating effect of emotional labor strategy between psychological capital and empathy fatigue of clinical nurses. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(13): 1792-1796.

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