我国三省社区老年人认知功能现况及与看电视时长关联性的横断面研究

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (16): 2264-2268.

我国三省社区老年人认知功能现况及与看电视时长关联性的横断面研究

胡亚男^1,2a, 齐士格^2b, 王丹^1,2a, 王秋童¹, 张志航³, 王宝华¹

1.中国医科大学公共卫生学院,辽宁沈阳 110122;
2.中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心a重点慢病防控实验室,b 慢病老年健康室,北京 100050;
3.北京市和平里医院妇科,北京 100013

收稿日期:2022-11-04 修回日期:2023-01-03 发布日期:2026-03-24
通信作者: 王宝华,主任医师,E-mail：baohua2000@126.com
作者简介:胡亚男,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为慢性非传染性疾病预防与控制。
基金资助:
财政部重大公共卫生专项（131091106000150003）

Cross-sectional study on status of cognitive function and correlation with TV viewing time of the elderly in community from three provinces in China

HU Yanan^1,2a, QI Shige^2b, WANG Dan^1,2a, WANG Qiutong¹, ZHANG Zhihang³, WANG Baohua¹

1. School of Public Health,China Medical University,Shenyang Liaoning 110122,China;
2. a Key Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Laboratory,b Division of Elderly Health,National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;
3. Gynaecology Department,Beijing Hepingli Hospital,Beijing 100013,China

Received:2022-11-04 Revised:2023-01-03 Published:2026-03-24
Contact: WANG Baohua,Chief physician,E-mail：baohua2000@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析社区老年人认知功能情况,探究其与看电视时长的关联。方法本研究使用2019年1月—2020年12月老年期重点疾病预防和干预项目调查数据,其中对认知功能评估采用简易智能状态检查表（mini mental state examination,MMSE）。采用SAS 9.4进行描述分析,χ²检验、Kruskal-Walis 相关分析,用有序logistic回归模型分析不同看电视时长与社区老年人认知功能的关系。结果共纳入10 347例研究者,其中认知异常者1 972例,认知异常检出率为19.06%（95%CI：18.30~19.82）,认知功能总体得分为（24.53±5.11）分,其中定向力、即刻记忆力、注意力和计算力、回忆能力、语言及时空能力维度得分分别为（8.85±1.84）、（2.73±0.72）、（3.12±1.87）、（2.07±1.46）和（7.77±1.46）分。在调整人口学特征和生活方式因素后logistic回归分析结果显示,与看电视时长在>0~2 h/d的研究对象相比,不看电视的老年人认知功能中定向力（OR=0.770, 95%CI：0.691~0.856）、注意力和计算力（OR=0.820,95%CI：0.740~0.908）、回忆能力（OR=0.865,95%CI：0.779~0.962）、语言及视空能力（OR=0.839,95%CI：0.757~0.929）、MMSE总分（OR=0.766,95%CI：0.695~0.845）得分均较低;看电视时长>2~4 h/d的老年人定向力（OR=1.126,95%CI：1.019~1.245）、即刻记忆力（OR=1.433,95%CI：1.228~1.673）、注意力和计算力（OR=1.122,95%CI：1.024~1.229）、语言及视空能力（OR=1.100,95%CI：1.003~1.206）、MMSE总分（OR=1.129,95%CI：1.035~1.232）得分较高;看电视时长>4~6 h/d的老年人定向力（OR=1.231,95%CI：1.021~1.485）、注意力和计算力（OR=1.213,95%CI：1.025~1.436）、语言及视空能力（OR=1.198,95%CI：1.011~1.419）、MMSE总体（OR=1.256,95%CI：1.071~1.472）得分较高。结论不看电视、看电视时长>6 h/d可能与社区老年人认知异常有关。建议社区老年人每天看电视时长控制在6 h内。

关键词: 老年人, 看电视, 多维度认知功能, 简易智能状态检查表

Abstract: Objective To analyze the cognitive function of the elderly in the community,explore the its relationship with the length of TV watching. Methods This study used the survey data of key disease prevention and intervention projects in the elderly from January 2019 to December 2020,in which the mini mental state examination（MMSE） was used for cognitive function evaluation. The SAS 9.4 statistical software was used for descriptive analysis, χ² test and Kruskal-Walis were used for correlation analysis,and ordered logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between different TV viewing hours and cognitive function of the elderly in the community. Results Totally 10 347 subjects were included,there were 1 972 people with cognitive abnormalities,and the detection rate of cognitive abnormality was 19.06%（95%CI：18.30-19.82）. The overall score of cognitive function was （24.53±5.11）points,among which the scores of orientationability,immediate memory,attention and calculationability,recall ability,language and space-time ability were （8.85±1.84）,（2.73±0.72）,（3.12±1.87）,（2.07±1.46）,（7.77±1.46）points,respectively. After adjusting for demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors,the logistic regression analysis showed that,compared with the subjects who watched TV for 0-2 h/d,the scores of orientation ability（OR=0.770,95%CI：0.691-0.856）,attention and calculationability（OR=0.820,95%CI：0.740-0.908）,memory ability（OR=0.865,95%CI：0.779-0.962）,language and visual spatial ability（OR=0.839,95%CI：0.757-0.929） and MMSE total score（OR=0.766,95%CI：0.695-0.845） in the elderly who did not watch TV were lower,the scores of orientation ability（OR=1.126,95%CI：1.019-1.245）,immediate memory（OR=1.433,95%CI：1.228-1.673）,attention and calculation ability（OR=1.122,95%CI：1.024-1.229）, language and visual spatial ability（OR=1.100,95%CI：1.003-1.206）and MMSE total score（OR=1.129,95%CI：1.035-1.232）in the elderly who watched TV >2-4 h/d were higher,and the scores of orientation ability（OR=1.231,95%CI：1.021-1.485）,attention and calculation ability（OR=1.213,95%CI：1.025-1.436）,language and visual spatial ability（OR=1.198,95%CI：1.011-1.419） and MMSE total score（OR=1.256,95%CI：1.071-1.472） in the elderly who watched TV >4-6 h/d were higher. Conclusions Not watching TV and watching TV for more than 6h/d may be related to cognitive abnormalities of the elderly in the community. It is suggested that the daily duration of watching TV should be controlled within 6 hours.

Key words: The elderly, Watching TV, Multidimensional cognitive function, Mini mental state examination

中图分类号:

R181.3

胡亚男, 齐士格, 王丹, 王秋童, 张志航, 王宝华. 我国三省社区老年人认知功能现况及与看电视时长关联性的横断面研究. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(16): 2264-2268.

HU Yanan, QI Shige, WANG Dan, WANG Qiutong, ZHANG Zhihang, WANG Baohua. Cross-sectional study on status of cognitive function and correlation with TV viewing time of the elderly in community from three provinces in China. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(16): 2264-2268.

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