职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (18): 2466-2473.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

3种风险评估模型在合成革制造企业化学有害因素职业健康风险评估中的应用

高循洲1, 单炳丹2, 王慈媛1, 金云龚1, 张婷婷1   

  1. 1.浙江必利夫检测科技有限公司检测中心,浙江 台州 318000;
    2.临海市疾病预防控制中心,浙江 临海 317000
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-19 修回日期:2023-02-06 出版日期:2023-09-15 发布日期:2026-03-25
  • 作者简介:高循洲,男,工程师,主要从事职业卫生检测与评价工作。

Application of three risk assessment models to occupational health risk assessment of chemical harmful factors in synthetic leather manufacturing enterprises

GAO Xunzhou1, SHAN Bingdan2, WANG Ciyuan1, JIN Yungong1, ZHANG Tingting1   

  1. 1. Test Center,Zhejiang Believein Test & Technology Co.,Ltd,Taizhou Zhejiang 318000,China;
    2. Linhai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Linhai Zhejiang 317000,China
  • Received:2022-12-19 Revised:2023-02-06 Online:2023-09-15 Published:2026-03-25

摘要: 目的 基于不同风险评估模型对合成革制造企业的职业健康风险进行评估,比较各模型在风险评估中的差异,探讨适用合成革制造企业化学有害因素的风险评估模型,并提出适用的控制防护措施。方法 2017年5月—2022年6月,以浙江省台州市某园区的合成革制造企业为对象,通过作业现场卫生学调查和工作场所职业病因素检测,选用国内外3种风险评估模型对其化学有害因素进行评估。结果 合成革制造企业主要职业病危害因素包括二甲基甲酰胺、苯系物、酸酯类和酮类等毒物。暴露岗位主要包括干法配料、干法涂台、干法贴合、湿法配料、湿法涂台、三版配料、三版涂台。其中干法涂台岗位、干法贴合岗位、湿法涂台岗位和三版涂台岗位所接触二甲基甲酰胺在美国环境保护署职业健康吸入风险评估模型中危害指数分别为239.73、242.47、99.89和115.48,在罗马尼亚职业事故和职业病风险评估模型中最严重后果的严重性-可能性组合均为(7,3),在半定量风险评估模型综合指数法中风险指数均为4。3种模型风险评估结果均为风险高位水平,组内相关系数为0.400,一致性为中等。结论 3种模型均可用于评估合成革制造企业化学有害因素的职业健康风险。其中半定量风险评估模型综合指数法相较其他2种模型输入因素更全面,主观认识影响更小,更为适用。

关键词: 职业健康, 风险评估, 合成革制造企业, 化学有害因素

Abstract: Objective Based on different risk assessment models,to evaluate the occupational health risks in synthetic leather manufacturing enterprises,comparethe differences of risk assessment models,discussthe risk assessment models for chemical harmful factors in synthetic leather manufacturing enterprises,and put forwardthe appropriate control and protection measures. Methods From May 2017 to June 2022,the synthetic leather manufacturing enterprises in a park in Taizhou City of Zhejiang Province were selected to evaluate the chemical harmful factors by using three risk assessment models at home and abroad through on-site sanitary survey and occupational disease factor detection. Results The main occupational hazard factors of synthetic leather manufacturing enterprises included dimethylformamide,benzene series,acid esters and ketones. The exposure positions mainly include dry batching,dry coating table,dry laminating,wet batching,wet coating table,three-plate batching and three-plate coating table. In the US Environmental Protection Agency occupational health inhalation risk assessment model,the hazard index of dimethylformamide exposed to dry coating station,dry fitting station,wet coating station and three-plate coating station were 239.73,242.47,99.89 and 115.48,respectively. The severity-probability combination of the most serious consequences in the romanian occupational accident and occupational disease risk assessment model was (7,3),and the risk index in the semi-quantitative risk assessment model(composite index method) was 4. The risk assessment results of all three models were at high risk levels. The intra-group correlation coefficient was 0.400,and the consistency was medium. Conclusions The three models can be used to evaluate the occupational health risk of chemical harmful factors in synthetic leather manufacturing enterprises. Compared with the other two models,the semi-quantitative risk assessment model(comprehensive index method) has more comprehensive input factors and less subjective cognition influence,so it is more applicable.

Key words: Occupational health, Risk assessment, Synthetic leather manufacturingenterprises, Chemical hazards agents

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