关键词: 法定传染病, 报告发病率, 流行特征

Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemic and changing trends of notifiable infectious diseases in the Chaoyang District of Beijing,provide a basis for developing prevention and control strategies for infectious diseases. Methods The data on the surveillance of notifiable infectious diseases in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2016 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese disease prevention and control information system,and the descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence characteristics and prevalence laws of notifiable infectious diseases in the area. Results A total of 204 807 cases of notifiable infectious diseases were reported in Chaoyang District from 2016 to 2021,with an annual average reported incidence of 923.23/100 000,a reported number of 239 deaths,and an annual reported mortality of 1.08/100 000. The incidence of notifiable diseases increased first but then decreased from 2016 to 2021,while the incidence of hepatitis C dominated the trend of notifiable diseases. By transmission route,respiratory infectious diseases were reported the most,showing an upward and a downward trend,followed by intestinal infectious diseases,showing a decreasing trend. Influenza,other infectious diarrheal diseases,and hand,foot,and mouth disease were the top 3 causes of illness. The reported incidence in males（958.20/100 000） was higher than that in females（887.39/100 000）. The reported incidence of type A and B infectious diseases was the highest in the 0-<6 years-old group at 165.36/100 000,and the reported incidence of type C infectious diseases was highest in the 0-<6 years-old group at 8 560.64/100 000. The high incidence occupations were diaspora children,preschool care children,and household and unemployed personnel. The year-round incidence of type A and B infectious diseases showed no obvious peak,and the year-round incidence of type C infectious diseases showed three peaks,including March to April,June to August,November to January of the following year. The monthly distribution curve trend of type A,B and C was similar to type C,and the monthly distribution of notifiable infectious diseases was mainly dominated by type C infectious diseases. The top 5 places for the reported incidence of type A,B and C infectious diseases were Jinsong Office（1 649.68/100 000）,Laiguangying Township（1 560.01/100 000）,Pingfang Township（1 324.03/100 000）,Gaobeidian Township（1 317.99/100 000）,and Nanmofang Township（1 305.79/100 000）. Conclusion The core of notifiable infectious disease prevention and control in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2016 to 2021 is the high incidence rate of type C infectious diseases,and it is necessary to focus on the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases,pay attention to the high growth rate,high incidence rate and new infectious diseases,and implement comprehensive prevention and control strategies based on different manifestations of infectious diseases.

Key words: Notifiable infectious diseases, Reported incidence rate, Epidemiological characteristics