西宁市二城区采暖期大气PM2.5中多环芳烃的源解析及健康风险评价

职业与健康 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (21): 2980-2984.

西宁市二城区采暖期大气PM_2.5中多环芳烃的源解析及健康风险评价

罗良^1,2, 吉秀亮^1,2

1.青海大学医学部公共卫生系,青海西宁 810000;
2.青海省疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,青海西宁 810007

收稿日期:2023-04-11 修回日期:2023-05-09 出版日期:2023-11-01 发布日期:2026-03-26
通信作者: 吉秀亮,副主任医师,E-mail：674221859@qq.com
作者简介:罗良,男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为环境卫生。
基金资助:
青海省卫生健康委指导性课题（2021-wjzdx-107）

Source analysis and health risk evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric PM_2.5 during heating period in two urban areas of Xining City

LUO Liang^1,2, JI Xiuliang^1,2

1. Department of Public Health,Faculty of Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining Qinghai 810000,China;
2. School Health Department,Qinghai Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xining Qinghai 810007,China

Received:2023-04-11 Revised:2023-05-09 Online:2023-11-01 Published:2026-03-26
Contact: JI Xiuliang,Associate chief physician,E-mail：674221859@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解西宁市二城区采暖期大气细颗粒物（fine particulate matter,PM_2.5）中多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs）的主要来源及对人群的健康风险。方法于2020年11月—2021年3月,每月10—16日采集PM_2.5样品,用高效液相色谱法检测PAHs浓度,利用特征比值法及主成分分析法进行源解析,最后用终身致癌超额风险模型评估人群健康风险。结果西宁市城北、城东区采暖期PAHs浓度M（P₂₅,P₇₅）分别为74.92（35.31,171.09）和45.13（26.54,68.92）ng/m³,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。特征比值法以及主成分分析法结果显示,城北区PAHs污染来源主要是机动车尾气排放（48.66%）、燃煤燃烧（16.05%）、石油燃烧（11.54%）和汽油燃烧（9.53%）,城东区PAHs污染来源主要是燃煤与机动车尾气排放的混合源（58.44%）和石油燃烧（17.07%）。二城区苯并[a]芘达标率分别为26.19%和40.48%,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;总致癌等效浓度分别为12.71和6.28 ng/m³;PAHs的致癌风险范围为4.28×10^-6~3.27×10^-5,预期寿命损失范围为26.60~203.33 min。结论西宁市城区采暖期大气PM_2.5中PAHs污染对当地居民有潜在健康风险。

关键词: PM_2.5, 多环芳烃, 源解析, 健康风险

Abstract: Objective To understand the main sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in atmospheric fine particulate matter（PM_2.5） and the health risks to the population during the heating period in two urban areas of Xining City. Methods PM_2.5 samples were collected on the 10th-16th of each month from November 2020 to March 2021,and PAHs concentrations were detected by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）. The source analysis was performed using the characteristic ratio method and principal component analysis,and finally the population health risk was assessed by a lifetime excess cancer risk model. Results The median concentrations[M（P₂₅,P₇₅）] of PAHs during the heating period in Chengbei District and Chengdong District of Xining City were 74.92（35.31,171.09） and 45.13（26.54,68.92） ng/m³ respectively,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The results of the characteristic ratio method as well as the principal component analysis method showed that the sources of PAHs pollution in the Chengbei District were mainly motor vehicle exhaust emissions（48.66%）,coal combustion（16.05%）,petroleum combustion（11.54%）,and gasoline combustion（9.53%）,while the sources of PAHs pollution in the Chengdong District were mainly a mixture of coal combustion and motor vehicle exhaust emissions（58.44%）,and petroleum combustion（17.07%）. The attainment rates of benzo[a]pyrene in the two urban areas were 26.19% and 40.48% respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. The total carcinogenic equivalent concentrations were 12.71 and 6.28 ng/m³ respectively. The carcinogenic risk range of PAHs was 4.28×10^-6-3.27×10^-5,and the expected life loss range was 26.60-203.33 min. Conclusion The PAHs pollution in atmospheric PM_2.5 during the heating period in Xining city has potential health risks for local residents.

Key words: PM_2.5, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Source resolution, Health risks

中图分类号:

R122.1

罗良, 吉秀亮. 西宁市二城区采暖期大气PM_2.5中多环芳烃的源解析及健康风险评价. [J]职业与健康, 2023, 39(21): 2980-2984.

LUO Liang, JI Xiuliang. Source analysis and health risk evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric PM_2.5 during heating period in two urban areas of Xining City. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2023, 39(21): 2980-2984.

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