关键词: 尘肺病, 生命质量, 健康状况调查表

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of the quality of life of patients with pneumoconiosis in Shandong Province,and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for proposing effective countermeasures for improving the quality of life of patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods From December 2018 to January 2021,a convenient sampling method was used to select 526 patients with pneumoconiosis in six occupational disease prevention and treatment hospitals in five regions of Shandong Province as the research objects.The questionnaire survey on personal basic information and disease situation was conducted by using the self-made questionnaires and 36-item short form health survey（SF-36）.The influencing factors of quality of life were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results The comprehensive physiological score of quality of life in patients with pneumoconiosis was （160.76±73.54）points,the comprehensive psychological score was （214.14±76.39）points, and the total score was （374.91±135.98）points.The average scores of the eight dimensions from high to low were social function[（68.23±28.60）points],mental health[（61.51±16.64）points],body pain[（59.66±20.75）points],vitality[（52.34±18.99）points],physiological function[（47.21±24.19）points],role emotion[（32.07±12.54）points],general health[（31.03±19.54）points] and role physical[（22.86±17.72）points],which all were lower than the national norms. The multiple linear regression results showed that dyspnea,limited physical activity,economic burden,self-care and family support significantly affected physiological health,while dyspnea,limited physical activity,financial burden,and self-care significantly affected mental health. Conclusions The patients with pneumoconiosis have a low quality of life,especially poor physical health.When intervening in the quality of life management of patients with pneumoconiosis,the impact of the patient's breathing difficulty grading,self-care,economic burden and activity ability should be fully considered.It is necessary to objectively and accurately assess the patient's condition,actively treat pneumoconiosis and coexisting diseases,strengthen disease education,improve patients' cognition,delay the progression of the disease,and improve the quality of life of patients.

Key words: Pneumoconiosis, Quality of life, 36-item short form health survey