2023年呼和浩特市生活饮用水中高氯酸盐暴露水平调查及健康风险评估

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查2023年呼和浩特市市区集中供水及所辖5个旗县的小型集中供水丰水期出厂水的高氯酸盐浓度水平,初步评价呼和浩特市高氯酸盐通过饮用水途径对人群引起的健康风险。方法采集2023年呼和浩特市市区13个集中供水水厂及5个旗县区的小型集中供水水厂丰水期出厂水共81份,用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法对水样进行测定,获得呼和浩特市生活饮用水中高氯酸盐的含量水平。采用美国环境保护署（US Environmental Protection Agency,USEPA）推荐的水环境健康风险评价模型,计算高氯酸盐非致癌风险危害商数,初步评价呼和浩特地区高氯酸盐通过饮水途径对人群引起的健康风险。结果采集2023年丰水期的81份水样结果均低于我国生活饮用水卫生标准规定的限值（0.07 mg/L）,检出浓度范围为ND~34.69 μg/L,M（P₂₅,P₇₅）为0.15（0.15,0.79）μg/L,检出率为40.7%;不同人群的高氯酸盐暴露量,城市为0.003 7~0.006 0 μg/（kg·d）,农村为0.003 4~0.004 6 μg/（kg·d）,危害商数城市为0.005 2~0.008 5,农村为0.003 4~0.004 6;不同年龄段以6~<11岁年龄段暴露量最大。结论呼和浩特地区饮水途径高氯酸盐的暴露风险在可接受范围。

关键词: 超高效液相色谱质谱法, 高氯酸盐, 生活饮用水, 风险评估

Abstract: Objective To investigate the perchlorate concentration levels of concentrated water supply in Hohhot City and small concentrated water supply factories in its five counties in wet season in 2023,conduct the preliminary evaluation of the health risks caused by perchlorate through drinking water in Hohhot City. Methods A total of 81 tap water samples from 13 centralized water supply plants in the urban area of Hohhot City and small centralized water supply plants in five counties and district during the wet season in 2023 were collected.The water samples were measured using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to obtain the content level of perchlorate in the drinking water of Hohhot City. Using the water environmental health risk assessment model recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency（EPA）,the non-carcinogenic risk hazard quotient of perchlorate was calculated,and the health risks caused by perchlorate to the population through drinking water in Hohhot was preliminarily evaluated. Results The results of 81 water samples collected during the wet season in 2023 were all below the limit value of 0.07 mg/L specified in China's drinking water hygiene standards with a detection concentration range of ND-34.69 μg/L,with M（P₂₅,P₇₅） of 0.15（0.15,0.79）μg/L,and a detection rate of 40.7%. The exposure levels of perchlorate for different populations were as follows：0.003 7-0.006 0 μg/（kg·d） in urban areas,0.0034-0.004 6 μg/（kg·d） in rural areas,the hazard quotient was 0.005 2-0.008 5 in urban areas and 0.003 4-0.004 6 in rural areas. The exposure was the highest in the 6-<11 age group among different age groups. Conclusion The exposure risk of perchlorate through drinking water in Hohhot area is within an acceptable range.

Key words: Ultra high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, Perchlorate, Drinking water, Risk assessment

中图分类号:

R129.1

张海燕, 孙卓然, 包玉兰, 刘春波. 2023年呼和浩特市生活饮用水中高氯酸盐暴露水平调查及健康风险评估. [J]职业与健康, 2024, 40(22): 3118-3122.

ZHANG Haiyan, SUN Zhuoran, BAO Yulan, LIU Chunbo. Exposure level and health risk assessment of perchlorate in drinking water in Hohhot City in 2023. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2024, 40(22): 3118-3122.

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