职业与健康 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 1267-1271.

• 卫生管理与研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2023—2024年华北某市疾控机构财政资金公共卫生事业投入现状及公平性分析

闫宝润, 马长旭, 闫志雄()   

  1. 天津市疾病预防控制中心,天津 300011
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-28 修回日期:2025-08-25 出版日期:2026-05-01 发布日期:2026-05-22
  • 通信作者: 闫志雄,E-mail:446479086@qq.com
  • 作者简介:闫宝润,男,会计师,主要从事疾控机构全面预算管理工作。

Analysis on current situation and fairness of financial investment in public health for disease control and prevention institutions in a city in North China from 2023 to 2024

YAN Baorun, MA Changxu, YAN Zhixiong()   

  1. Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China
  • Received:2025-07-28 Revised:2025-08-25 Online:2026-05-01 Published:2026-05-22
  • Contact: YAN Zhixiong,E-mail:446479086@qq.com

摘要:

目的 分析华北某市市区两级疾病预防控制(疾控)机构财政资金在公共卫生事业中的投入现状及公平性,探讨其在高质量发展过程中面临的挑战与问题,进而提出相应的建议。方法 于2024年8月通过现场调研和数据分析,深入了解疾控机构财政资金投入情况及其对业务工作和资金使用的影响。现场走访调研,提取在编职工数、财政资金投入、到位时间、支出等关键数据;综合运用文献分析法、现场调研和统计分析法对定义基本经费(人员经费和公用经费)和财政工作专项经费进行分析;运用洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数探究该市疾控机构经费投入公平性。结果 华北某市市区两级疾控机构人员经费基本得到保障,但公用经费和工作专项资金存在不同程度的问题。部分区疾控机构公用经费紧张,甚至无法满足基本的办公需求。工作专项资金下达不及时,部分区疾控机构的经费到位率低,影响了其业务工作的开展;仅市疾控中心和C区疾控中心疾控机构对外开展技术服务,且在技术服务能力和市场竞争力方面存在不足。2023年和2024年人员经费、公用经费、工作经费的基尼系数分别为0.063和0.223、0.346和0.501、0.137和0.178。结论 华北某市市区两级疾控机构经费投入公平性需不断提高,建议加强市区两级疾控机构财政资金信息沟通,提高财政资金投入水平,完善疾控机构对外服务政策支撑及市场环境,以推动疾控体系改革。

关键词: 疾控机构, 疾控中心, 公共卫生, 财政资金, 投入, 现状分析, 公平性分析

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the current situation and fairness of financial investment in public health for disease control and prevention(CDC) institutions at both municipal and district levels in a city in North China,explore the challenges and issues faced in their high-quality development,and propose corresponding suggestions. Methods Through field research and data analysis in August 2024,the study gained an in-depth understanding of the financial investment in CDC institutions and its impact on business operations and fund utilization. The on-site visits and research were used to extract key data such as the number of staff on duty,financial investment,arrival time,and expenditures. The combination of literature analysis,on-site research,and statistical analysis methods was used to analyze the basic funds(personnel funds and public funds) and special funds for financial work. Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient were used to explore the equity of funding investment in CDC institutions of the city. Results The personnel expenses were basically guaranteed in CDC institutions at municipal and district levels in a city in North China,but there were problems with the investment of public expenses and special funds for work. Some district-level CDC institutions had tight public expenses,and even failed to meet the basic office needs. The special funds for work were not allocated in time,and the low arrival rate of funds in some district-level CDC institutions had seriously affected the development of their business work. Only municipal CDC and C District CDC provided technical services externally,and there were shortcomings in technical service capabilities and market competitiveness. In 2023 and 2024,Gini coefficients of personnel expenses,public expenses and work expenses were 0.063 and 0.223,0.346 and 0.501,0.137 and 0.178,respectively. Conclusions The fairness of funding investment in CDC institutions at municipal and district levels in a city in North China needs to be continuously improved. It is recommended to enhance financial fund communication between municipal and district-level CDC institutions,increase financial input,and improve the policy support and market environment for external services of CDC institutions,to promote CDC system reform.

Key words: Disease control and prevention institutions, Center for disease control and prevention, Public health, Financial funds, Input, Status analysis, Fairness analysis

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