诺如病毒环境监测的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

诺如病毒（norovirus，NoV）是引起非细菌性急性胃肠炎（acute gastroenteritis，AGE）的主要致病原，也是引起食物中毒常见的原因之一。NoV不仅变异快，传染性强，而且人群普遍易感，给社会和患者个人带来沉重的经济负担。NoV环境监测是NoV监测的一部分，主要通过对环境样本如空气、物表、水等进行监测，旨在了解NoV在环境中的分布情况，有助于追踪病毒的传播途径。本文就NoV简介、空气监测、物表环境监测、不同温度下病毒持久性、环境污水监测等方面进行综述，为早发现、早预防NoV感染，为政府制定相关政策提供理论依据。

关键词: 环境监测, 诺如病毒, 气溶胶, 物表, 污水, 综述

Abstract:

Norovirus（NoV） is the primary pathogenic agent responsible for non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis（AGE） and is also a common cause of food poisoning. NoV is characterized by rapid mutation，high infectivity，and a generally susceptible population，which collectively impose a considerable economic burden on society and individual patients. Environmental monitoring of NoV is an essential component of its overall surveillance，focusing on environmental samples such as air，surfaces，water，etc.，aiming to understand the distribution of norovirus in various environments and assists in tracing the virus's transmission routes. This article presents a comprehensive review of the introduction of NoV，air monitoring，surface environmental monitoring，the persistence of the virus at various temperatures，and the monitoring of environmental sewage. The findings provide a theoretical basis for the early detection and prevention of NoV infection and for the government to formulate relevant policies

Key words: Environmental monitoring, Norovirus, Aerosol, Object surface, Wastewater, Review

中图分类号:

张加生, 张敏. 诺如病毒环境监测的研究进展. [J]职业与健康, 2026, 42(9): 1272-1276.

ZHANG Jiasheng, ZHANG Min. Research progress on environmental monitoring of norovirus. [J]OCCUPATION AND HEALTH, 2026, 42(9): 1272-1276.

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